Buffer System Flashcards
Water molecules forms dipole.
T/F
T
Water molecules forms hydrogen bonds.
T/F
T
the molar concentration of H+ ions (or of OH− ions) in pure water is the product of the probability, ______ , times the _________
The result is ________ mol/L.
1.8 ×10−9
molar concentration of water, 55.56 mol/L.
1.0×10−7
pH IS THE ________ OF THE ______
NEGATIVE LOG
HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION
The term pH was introduced in ____ by _______ , who defined pH as the negative log of the hydrogen ion concentration:
Mathematically,
pH = __________
1909
Sörensen
˗ log [H+]
For example, for pure water at 250C,
˗ log [H+] = ˗ log [\_\_\_] = - [\_\_\_] =\_\_\_
10-7
-7
7
Acids are proton _____ and bases are proton ____.
donors
acceptors
Strong acids (eg, HCl or H2SO4) (completely or partially?) dissociate into ____ and ____ even in strongly acidic solutions (low pH).
Weak acids dissociate (completely or partially?) in acidic solutions.
strong bases (eg, KOH or NaOH) are (completely or partially?) dissociated at high pH.
Completely
anions and cations
Partially
Completely
Milk is acidic
T/F
F
Slightly acidic
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation,
???
Ph = pka + log(salt / acid)
Hasselbach equation
when the concentrations of base and acid are the same, then pH is ______.
Thus, when the acid is _______, pH and pKa have the same values.
equal to pKa
half ionized
Buffers are solutions which can _______ in pH when ______ is added.
resist changes
acid or alkali
Factors Affecting pH of a Buffer
The pH of a buffer solution is determined by two factors:
The value of pK: The lower the value of pK, the (lower or higher?) is the pH of the solution.
Lower
the buffer capacity is determined by the _________ of ______ present, as well as by their __
actual concentrations
salt and acid
ratio
Buffering capacity is the ____________ which is necessary for a change in pH of ____________ of buffer solution.
number of grams of strong acid or alkali
one unit of one liter
The buffering capacity of a buffer is defined as the ability of the buffer to resist changes in pH when an acid or base is added.
T/F
T
Three major buffering systems
Protein buffering system
Hemoglobin buffer system
Carbonate acid- Bicarbonate
Major buffers in the ICF
major buffers in the ECF
Phosphate buffer and protein buffer system
Carbonic acid bicarbonate and protein buffer system
Protein buffering system
If pH climbs, the ____ group of amino acid acts as a _____
If the pH drops, the ____ group acts as a ____
carboxyl; weak acid
amino; weak base
Hemoglobin buffer system
Prevents pH changes when PCO2 is rising or falling
T/F
T
Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system
Has the following limitations:
(Can or Cannot?) protect the ___ from ___ changes due to increased or depressed ___
Only functions when _______ and _______ are working normally
It is limited by availability of _____________
Cannot ; ECF; ph ; CO2 levels
respiratory system and control centers
bicarbonate ions (bicarbonate reserve)
Maintenance of acid-base balance
Lungs help regulate pH through _________________ buffer system
Kidneys help regulate pH through _____
carbonic acid - bicarbonate
renal compensation
