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Religious Studies GCSE key terms > Buddhist Beliefs > Flashcards

Buddhist Beliefs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the term for an enlightened being?

A

Buddha

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2
Q

Who does ‘The Buddha’ refer to?

A

Siddhartha Gautama

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3
Q

What is enlightenment in Buddhism?

A

The discovery of true knowledge, usually by meditation, about oneself and reality and so escaping the cycle of rebirth.

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4
Q

What are The Four Sights?

A

The four things described in the account of Siddhartha Gautama’s life which led to his realisation of the impermanence of existence. Old, ill, dead and holy person

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5
Q

What is The Sangha?

A

The Buddhist community in general, or monks, nuns and novices in particular.

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6
Q

What does Dhamma refer to?

A

The teaching of the Buddha.

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7
Q

What is dependant origination/conditionality?

A

The idea that all things arise in dependence upon conditions. eg kamma / wheel of life
paticca samuppada

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8
Q

What is Pattica-samupadda?

A

The chain of causation describing the causes of suffering and the events that lead a being through rebirth, old age and death. eg dependent origination

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9
Q

What are the Three Marks of Existence?

A

Impermanence (anicca), suffering (dukkha) and no-self (anatta).

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10
Q

What are the Three Poisons?

A

The main causes of suffering: hatred, greed and ignorance.

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11
Q

What is Theravada Buddhism?

A

‘The way of the elders’ – an ancient Buddhist tradition centred in Southern Asia.

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12
Q

What is Mahayana Buddhism?

A

Later Buddhist traditions such as Tibetan, Zen and Pure Land Buddhism.

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13
Q

What does Nirodha mean?

A

Suffering can be ended – the Third Noble truth. Enlightenment and escape from samsara

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14
Q

What is Tanha?

A

Craving, or wanting and desiring something.

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15
Q

What is Samsara?

A

The cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth.

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16
Q

What are The Five Khandas?

A

The five aspects that make up a person.: body, mind, sensations, consciousness, perception

17
Q

What does Sunnata refer to?

A

The idea that there is no separate or independent self. Emptiness of permanence

18
Q

What is Tathagatagarbha?

A

The idea that all beings have within themselves the virtues and wisdom of a Buddha but these are hidden by a covering of defilements. eg Buddha nature

19
Q

What is an Arahant?

A

A term in Theravada Buddhism for someone who has become enlightened.

20
Q

What is the Bodhisattva Ideal?

A

The Mahayana goal for everyone to become bodhisattvas and help to free sentient beings from samsara and the cycle of death, rebirth and suffering.

21
Q

What is Pure Land Buddhism?

A

A Mahayana school of Buddhism believing in the Amitabha Buddha. Chant his name with faith with the hope of being born into the Pure Land

22
Q

What does Kamma mean?

A

A person’s actions: good actions cause happiness and bad actions cause suffering.

23
Q

What is Merit in Buddhism?

A

A force which accumulates as a result of good deeds, acts or thoughts.

24
Q

What is Rebirth?

A

The actions of a person lead to a new existence after death in the endless cycles of samsara.

25
Q

Karuna

A

compassion

26
Q

Metta Bhavana

A

Loving Kindness

27
Q

5 precepts

A

To avoid harming any being, to avoid stealing, to avoid intoxicants, to avoid sexual misconduct, to avoid wrong speech

28
Q

3 Fold Way

A

Panna (wisdom) sila (ethics), samadhi (meditation)

29
Q

Three types of craving

A

sensual craving/ carving for becoming/ craving non- becoming

30
Q

Three types of dukkha

A

mental and physical/ change/ dissatisfaction

31
Q

Noble Eightfold path

A

Right View/ Right Intention/ Right speech/ right action/ right Livelihood/ right concentration/ right mindfulness/ right effort

32
Q

6 paramitas

A

6 perfections you need to develop as a Bodhisattva: Wisdom, Ethics, meditation, generosity, patience and energy

33
Q

What does the Wheel of Life depict

A

This is a Tibetan Buddhist depiction of samsara. It shows the 3 poisons in the centre and the impact of kamma on lives. Good kamma can lead to positive rebirths into human realm or heavenly realm and unskilful kamma can lead to rebirth in the animal realm or hell realm. The Buddha is outside the wheel as he has escaped samsara and is pointing the way to all other beings to nibbana

Religious Studies GCSE key terms (9 decks)

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