Bronchiolitis Flashcards
1
Q
What is the definition of bronchiolitis?
A
- illness in children < 2 y/o
- characterized by wheezing & airway obstruction d/t primary infection/reinfection with a viral or bacterial pathogen
- results in inflammation of small airway bronchioles
2
Q
What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis?
A
- RSV
3
Q
What is an important risk factors for bronchiolitis?
A
- passive smoke exposure
4
Q
What are the clinical symptoms of bronchiolitis?
A
- URI prodrome (cough, runny nose)
- present 3-6d after onset of illness
- mild respiratory distress
- apnea
5
Q
What will be found on physical exam for bronchiolitis?
A
- tachypnea, intercostal, & subcostal retractions
- wheeze
- prolonged expiratory phase
- crackles
- hyperexpansion with increased AP diameter
- hyperresonance to percussion
- mild hypoxemia
6
Q
How is severe bronchiolitis described?
A
- poor feeding
- respiratory distress of tachypnea, nasal flaring, & hypoxemia
7
Q
Are labs routinely indicated for bronchiolitis?
A
- no, but RSV culture can help identify cause
8
Q
When are CXR indicated for bronchiolitis?
A
- in children who fail to improve at the expected rate
9
Q
What are the treatments for bronchiolitis?
A
- supportive care when mild
- humidified O2
- IV fluids
- nasal saline drops
- bronchodilators/racemic epi
- steroids
- abx prn
- avoid smoke
