Bronchiectasis Flashcards
what is bronchiectasis ?
Chronic infection of bronchi/bronchioles → permanent dilatation.
state some congenital causes of bronchiectasis ?
CF (mainly upper lobe infiltration)
Kartagener’s / PCD
Young’s syn.
what features of youngs syndrome is there?
(azoopermia + bronchiectasis)
what immunodeficiency can cause bronchiectasis ?
Hypogammaglobulinaemia
X-linked agammaglobulinaemia: Bruton’s
CVID (Common variable immune deficiency)
IgG subclass deficiency
IgA deficiency
what infections can cause bronchiectasis ?
Measles Pertussis Pneumonia TB Bronchiolitis
what are four features of yellow nail syndrome?
Yellow nail discoloration and dystrophy
Lymphoedema
Pleural effusions
Bronchiectasis
what GI condition can cause bronchiectasis ?
UC
what clinical sign will be present during an immune deficiency ?
splenomegaly
what will the CXR for bronchiectasis look like?
thickened bronchial walls (tramlines and rings)
what spirometry pattern does bronchiectasis have?
obstructive
what chest imaging can be done for bronchiectasis ?
HRCT chest (High-resolution computed tomography) CXR
what is the treatment for ABPA (Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis)
steroids
what is the treatment for Immune deficiency?
IVIg
what mucolytic can be used for CF?
DNAase
what mutation causes CF?
Mutation in CFTR gene on Chr 7 (commonly F508)
what are three neonatal features of CF?
FTT
Meconium ileus
Rectal prolapse
state some nose, resp, GI features of CF in young adults?
Nose: nasal polyps, sinusitis
Resp: cough, wheeze, infections, bronchiectasis,
haemoptysis, pneumothorax, cor pulmonale
GI:
Pancreatic insufficiency: DM, steatorrhoea Distal Intestinal Obstruction Syndrome
Gallstones
Cirrhosis (2O biliary)
what investigation is done for neonatal screening for CF?
Immunoreactive trypsinogen
what blood tests can be done for CF?
FBC, LFTs, clotting, ADEK levels, glucose TT
what is the spirometry pattern for CF?
obstructive
what GI medication can be given for CF patients?
Pancreatic enzyme replacement: pancreatin (Creon)
ADEK supplements
Insulin
Ursodeoxycholic acid for impaired hepatic function
Stimulates bile secretion
do CF patients have an increased risk of osteoporosis ?
yes
do CF patients have an increased risk of vasculitis ?
yes
