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Y4 Resp > Bronchiectasis > Flashcards

Bronchiectasis Flashcards

1
Q

what is bronchiectasis ?

A

Chronic infection of bronchi/bronchioles → permanent dilatation.

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2
Q

state some congenital causes of bronchiectasis ?

A

CF (mainly upper lobe infiltration)

Kartagener’s / PCD

Young’s syn.

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3
Q

what features of youngs syndrome is there?

A

(azoopermia + bronchiectasis)

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4
Q

what immunodeficiency can cause bronchiectasis ?

A

Hypogammaglobulinaemia
􏰁 X-linked agammaglobulinaemia: Bruton’s
􏰁 CVID (Common variable immune deficiency)
􏰁 IgG subclass deficiency
􏰁 IgA deficiency

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5
Q

what infections can cause bronchiectasis ?

A 
Measles
Pertussis
Pneumonia 
TB
Bronchiolitis
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6
Q

what are four features of yellow nail syndrome?

A

􏰁 Yellow nail discoloration and dystrophy
􏰁 Lymphoedema
􏰁 Pleural effusions
􏰁 Bronchiectasis

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7
Q

what GI condition can cause bronchiectasis ?

A

UC

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8
Q

what clinical sign will be present during an immune deficiency ?

A

splenomegaly

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9
Q

what will the CXR for bronchiectasis look like?

A

thickened bronchial walls (tramlines and rings)

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10
Q

what spirometry pattern does bronchiectasis have?

A

obstructive

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11
Q

what chest imaging can be done for bronchiectasis ?

A 
HRCT chest (High-resolution computed tomography)
CXR
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12
Q

what is the treatment for ABPA (Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis)

A

steroids

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13
Q

what is the treatment for Immune deficiency?

A

IVIg

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14
Q

what mucolytic can be used for CF?

A

DNAase

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15
Q

what mutation causes CF?

A

Mutation in CFTR gene on Chr 7 (commonly 􏰆F508)

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16
Q

what are three neonatal features of CF?

A

􏰀 FTT
􏰀 Meconium ileus
􏰀 Rectal prolapse

17
Q

state some nose, resp, GI features of CF in young adults?

A

Nose: nasal polyps, sinusitis

Resp: cough, wheeze, infections, bronchiectasis,
haemoptysis, pneumothorax, cor pulmonale

GI:
􏰁 Pancreatic insufficiency: DM, steatorrhoea 􏰁 Distal Intestinal Obstruction Syndrome
􏰁 Gallstones
􏰁 Cirrhosis (2O biliary)

18
Q

what investigation is done for neonatal screening for CF?

A

Immunoreactive trypsinogen

19
Q

what blood tests can be done for CF?

A

FBC, LFTs, clotting, ADEK levels, glucose TT

20
Q

what is the spirometry pattern for CF?

A

obstructive

21
Q

what GI medication can be given for CF patients?

A

Pancreatic enzyme replacement: pancreatin (Creon)

ADEK supplements

Insulin

Ursodeoxycholic acid for impaired hepatic function
􏰁 Stimulates bile secretion

22
Q

do CF patients have an increased risk of osteoporosis ?

A

yes

23
Q

do CF patients have an increased risk of vasculitis ?

A

yes

Y4 Resp (17 decks)

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