Broad Spectrum Antibiotics Flashcards
What antibiotics are inhibitors of bacterial ribosomes? (4)
Tetracyclines
Chloramphenicol
Macrolides (Erythromycins)/Ketolides
Clindamycin
What broad spectrum antibiotics block tRNA binding? (2)
Tetracyclines
Chloramphenicol
What broad spectrum antibiotics block translocation? (2)
Erythromycin
Clindamycin
What broad spectrum antibiotics block peptide bonds? (2)
Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
In general, the antibiotics that inhibit bacterial ribosomes are bacteriocidal/bacteriostatic.
bacteriostatic
What broad spectrum antibiotic blocks ribosomal 30s synthesis?
tetracyclines
What are the trade names of tetracycline antibiotics? (4)
Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Oxytetracycline
Minocycline
What broad spectrum antibiotic:
Affects teeth and bones
Causes sunlight sensitivity
Tetracyclines
What are the clinical advantages of tetracyclines? (5)
- Orally effective
- Favorable therapeutic index
- Broad Spectrum
- Penetrates well in most tissues
- Penetration of human cells to target intacellular parasitic bacteria
What are the adverse side effects of tetracyclines? (4)
Discolor teeth
Blunt skeletal growth
GI upset
Hepatic and renal toxicity
What is the drug of choice for:
Chlamydia
Rickettsial disease like Rocky Mountain, Typhus
Lyme disease
Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines are safe for b-lactam allergic pts. True or false?
true
What is an alternate drug of choice for :
Syphilis
Mycoplasma
Ligonella
Bronchitis
Tetracyclines
What broad spectrum antibiotics are ribosomal 50s inhibitors? (3)
Erythromycin (Macrolides)
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
What BS antibiotic:
Extremely BS aerobic/anaerobic Gram +/-
Bacteriostatic
Chloramphenicol
Choramphenicol has few side effects. True or false?
False.
Has many.
Bone marrow toxicity (fatal)
- “Gray baby” syndrome (elimination)
- Multiple drug interactions
Chloramphenicol is used often in US. True or false?
False, better, safer alternatives. More widely used in developing countries.
What is the BS alternative to b-lactams for CNS effectiveness?
Chloramphenicol