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Depth Studies: India > British India: Consequences of the Rebellion (India’s administration) > Flashcards

British India: Consequences of the Rebellion (India’s administration) Flashcards

1
Q

What happened on the 2nd of August 1858?

A

Government of India Act was passed

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2
Q

When was the government of India act passed?

A

2nd of August 1858

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3
Q

What was the 1858 Government of India Act?

A

East India Company was stripped of its powers over India and replaced with direct crown rule. The companies General now had a new title (Viceroy) and he, along with the Executive Council now ran India

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4
Q

What did the British believe about their ‘benign rule’?

A

Liberating experience for Indians

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5
Q

What did the Whig reformist T.B. Macauley believe?

A

Educating Indians so that they became “English in taste, in opinions, in morals” were sufficient to justify the British domination of the Subcontinent

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6
Q

What was the name given to the East India Company’s Governor-General?

A

New title Viceroy

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7
Q

Who was the viceroy?

A

East India Company’s Governor-General

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8
Q

Who ran India alongside the viceroy?

A

Executive council

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9
Q

Who now ran India?

A

Viceroy and the executive council

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10
Q

What was the relevance of the Viceroy and Executive council?

A

They now ran India

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11
Q

Who was the viceroy answerable to?

A

Newly created Secretary of State for India and Indias council (fifteen advisors )

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12
Q

What Indian group were given more powers to due to their loyalty?

A

Indian Princes

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13
Q

What were Indian princes given?

A

Granted greater powers by the British

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14
Q

In return for absolute loyalty from the princes, what did the British agree to do?

A

To halt their policy of annexation

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15
Q

Why did the British agree to halt their policy of annexation?

A

In return for loyalty from the Princes

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16
Q

What were the powers of the Viceroy identical to?

A

Governor General

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17
Q

How many advisors were in the ’India Council’?

A

15

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18
Q

What council had 15 advisors?

A

‘India Council’

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19
Q

Who was in the ‘India council’?

A

Made up of ex-East India Company employees who had very conservative views

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20
Q

What happened in November 1858?

A

Queen Victoria issued a proclamation promising that ‘the principle of perfect equality was to exist, as far as appointments was concerned, between Europeans and Natives’

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21
Q

When did Queen Victoria issued a proclamation promising that ‘the principle of perfect equality was to exist, as far as appointments was concerned, between Europeans and Natives’

A

November 1858

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22
Q

What did Queen Victoria say in November 1858?

A

proclamation promising that ‘the principle of perfect equality was to exist, as far as appointments was concerned, between Europeans and Natives’

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23
Q

Who said issued a proclamation promising that ‘the principle of perfect equality was to exist, as far as appointments was concerned, between Europeans and Natives’ and when was that done?

A

Queen Victoria during November 1858

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24
Q

What council had 2 places reserved for Indians?

A

Newly-created Central Legislative council

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25
Q

How did the Newly-created Central Legislative council include Indians?

A

They had 2 places reserved for Indian members

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26
Q

What was the limitation of the Newly-created Central Legislative council?

A

No effective power so they couldn’t overrule the real government of India (The viceroys Executive council )

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27
Q

What happened in 1877?

A

Benjamin Disraeli had Queen Victoria proclaimed as Empress of India

28
Q

When did Benjamin Disraeli had Queen Victoria proclaimed as Empress of India

A

1877

29
Q

Why was Queen Victoria proclaimed as Empress of India in 1877?

A

Gesture to link the monarchy with the empire further and bind India more closely to Britain

30
Q

When and what was the name of celebrations held in Delhi to proclaim Queen Elizabeth as Empress of India?

A

1st January 1877 known as Delhi Durbar

31
Q

What happened on the first of January 1877?

A

Delhi Durbar led by Viceroy Lord Lytton which was a celebration that proclaimed Queen Victoria as empress of India

32
Q

When was the Delhi Durbar?

A

1st of January 1877

33
Q

Who led the celebrations for the Delhi Durbar?

A

Viceroy, Lord Lytton

34
Q

What crown was Queen Victoria given?

A

Crown worn by the last Mughal Emperor

35
Q

What happened to the crown of the last Mughal emperor?

A

Given to Queen Victoria even though she never used it

36
Q

What animals and people attended the Deli Durbar?

A 
Elephants 
Attended by:
Indian Maharajahs
Nawabs
Intellectuals 
‘Equally reflective of traditional India’
37
Q

What did the conservative viceroy, George Curzon, say in 1903?

A

‘The keynote of the British policy in India has been to conserve all the best features in the fabric of native society’

38
Q

Why was Indian not a topical issue in parliament?

A

Indian affairs were remote so many members of parliament didn’t care. Therefore, the Secretary of State and could operate the cabinet as he saw fit.

39
Q

When was the central legislative council expanded?

A

1861 by the additional of members who were Indian

40
Q

What happened to the Central legislative council in 1861?

A

Expanded by the addition of several non-Indian members

41
Q

Where were legislative councils formed?

A

Bengal, Punjab and the North-West Province

42
Q

Who was the prime minister that took a liberal viewpoint?

A

William Gladstone

43
Q

Who was the prime minister that had a more conservative view?

A

Benjamin Disraeli

44
Q

What did William Gladstone want to see in India?

A

Pushing forward Christianity but allowing for some Indian representation

45
Q

What did Disraeli believe?

A

Pulling back on change but viewing the Indians as inferior

46
Q

When was William Gladstone prime minister?

A

1868-74
1880-85
1892-94

47
Q

When was Disraeli prime minister?

A

1868

1874-1880

48
Q

When was the London missionary Society reports?

A

1858

49
Q

What happened in 1858?

A

London Missionary Society

50
Q

What did the 1858 London missionary society report disclaim?

A

Resolves to send 20 extra missionaries to India over the next two years

51
Q

What resolved to send 20 extra missionaries to India over the next two years?

A

1858 London missionary society

52
Q

What did the liberals see the rebellion as?

A

God’s judgment for failing to press on enough with Christianisation as Christians rebelled

53
Q

Who saw the rebellion as God’s judgment for failing to press on enough with Christianisation as Christians rebelled?

A

Liberal (William Gladstone)

54
Q

What was the relationship that the liberals wanted to keep with the Indians?

A

Close political bond between people and government. Indians need rights and representation

55
Q

What did the conservatives think about the European way of life?

A

This was right and good but saw the Indians incapable of enlightenment

56
Q

What did the conservatives want to move away from in terms of their policies with India?

A

Shift away from enlightenment in the 1830s

57
Q

What was the “white mans burden”?

A

Saw it as the responsibility of white people to look after the ‘new caught sullen people’, who cannot look after themselves

58
Q

What word was used to describe those who Saw it as the responsibility of white people to look after the ‘new caught sullen people’, who cannot look after themselves

A

White mans burden

59
Q

What did Lord Ripon believe about the discrimination between Indians and Europeans?

A

Inhuman and unjust

60
Q

What did Sir Courtenary Ilbert introduced under the orders of Viceroy Lord Ripon?

A

“Ilbert bill” which had abolished discrimination between the Indians and Europeans

61
Q

What was the “Ilbert bill”?

A

Bill released by Sir Courtenay Ilbert, which abolished discrimination between Indians and Europeans

62
Q

What was the reaction to the “Ilbert bill”?

A

Intense opposition in Britain and from British settlers within India
Particularly British tea and indigo plantation owners and Bengal led by Griffith Evans

63
Q

After the Ilbert act, what did Hugh Maxwell say about Lord Ripon and Sir Ilbert?

A

‘’How unfit the native mind is to appreciate and sympathise with the European ideas of administering the government of a country and people’

64
Q

In the reformed ‘’Ilbert act’, what happened to white defendants?

A

If tried by an Indian magistrate, then they had the right to ask for a jury made up of at least 50% white members

65
Q

What was set up in December 1885?

A

Indian national congress

66
Q

When was the Indian national congress found?

A

December 1885

Depth Studies: India (15 decks)

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