Britain Post WWII Flashcards

1
Q

What was Britain keen to do in terms of urban planning post WWII?

A

Enthusiastic to raze old towns and construct new

Wanted rationalist, functionalist and paternalist architecture to honour democracy

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2
Q

Blame for postwar planning usually lies with whom?

Who suggested this?

A

Blame for postwar planning usually lies with architects

MANDLER suggests that they are usually scapegoats

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3
Q

What made British postwar planning unique in Europe?

A

Use of the greenbelt - preserved intensely

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4
Q

Who was the Department for the Environment run by

A

Peter Walker

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5
Q

What was the LCC

A

London County Council

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6
Q

What did the DoE request reports of?

What did this contribute to the trend of?

A

DoE requested reports of the status of inner cities

Contributed to the trend of the rediscovery of poverty

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7
Q

Name some of the reports which contributed to the trend of the re-discovery of poverty

A

Beveridge Report

Plowden Report

Lambeth Report

Policy for the Inner Cities White Paper

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8
Q

When was the Beveridge Report published?

What did it suggest?

A

Beveridge Report: 1942
encouraged connections between planning / social insurance / organisation of industry

Suggested a postwar consensus of the need for social reform

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9
Q

What report was specifically commissioned by the DoE?

When was it published

What did it suggest / what was special about it

A

Lambeth Report

1972

X3 authors were all notorious modernists; but paper reproved modernist approach;

  • suggested more needs reinvesting in inner cities
  • advocated deindustrialisation
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10
Q

What did the Plowden Report suggest?

When was it published

A

1st sign of formal government awareness of the need for POSITIVE discrimination

1967

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11
Q

1970s in urban planning was a year of

Example

A

Heritage Consciousness

European Architecture Year of Heritage Consciousness 1975

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12
Q

Description of opposition to modernisation in the UK

A

organised and widespread

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13
Q

What did the Policy for the Inner Cities White Paper suggest

A

a move away from clearance to rehabilitation and been solidified

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14
Q

Which government nationalised development rights post war ?

What did this also involve the proposal of?

What did this give the government?

A

Attlee government nationalised development rights post war

Proposed New Towns

Gave the government the theoretically utopian power to aquire land

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15
Q

When was Laissez faire restored to development rights?

What did this involve

A

Churchill won power off of labour in 1951

Under conservatives - masses of privatisation
= restoration of rights back to landowners

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16
Q

What did the tories do in 1954?

What did this involve

Give an example

A

Tory Decontrols in 1954

Full force of private sector returned
Anonymous, high rise, concrete

Centre Point at St Giles Circus

17
Q

What was established in 1957 for the first time in the UK

A

Civic Beautification Societies

18
Q

Why did the postwar government believe nationalisation was a good idea

A

Belief in the idea that towns could be scientifically built by architects and planners to solve urban problems

19
Q

When were civic beautification societies introduced?

Who had these already?

A

1957

Germany

20
Q

When were tory de-controls put in place?

A

1954