BRITAIN Breadth 2 PART 2 Flashcards
What confirmed that the Liberals had been overtaken by Labour as the main opposition of the Conservatives?
Elections of 1923/1924
When was the Carlton Club formed?
1832
What did the Carlton Club function as?
Social club for Tory MPs rather than as a central hub for organising the party in parliament and the country
Who expanded the Carlton Club’s role to forge links between the national party and constituencies in the country?
Peel
Who was appointed to reorganise the Conservative Party nationally during its re-brand?
F.R. Bonham
Why did party organisation become more important after the 1832 RPA?
Constituencies were required to create an electoral register containing the names of everyone who possessed property qualifications needed to vote
When was the Reform Club founded?
1836
Which party was the Reform Club associated with?
Whigs
When did the importance of party organisation become very clear?
By late 1830s
How many general elections were there between 1832-41?
4
Which was the first election fought by two clearly defined political parties?
1841
When was the first election in which the role of the monarch was insignificant?
1841
Who won the 1841 election?
Well-organised Conservative Party with an overall majority of 76
What took party organisation to a new level?
Birmingham Caucus
Who was one of the chief organisers of the Birmingham Caucus system?
Joseph Chamberlain
What proved the success of the Birmingham Caucus system?
Birmingham was represented by 3 Liberal MPs for many years
When was the National Liberal Federation (NLF) formed?
1877
What helped persuade Asquith to consider female suffrage at the Speaker’s Conference in 1916?
NLF’s pressure
When was the NUCCA founded?
1867
Who did Disraeli entrust with party reorganisation after his loss in the 1968 election?
J.E. Gorst
Why was Gorst significant?
Established the Central Office; recognised importance of new urban electorate; supported creation of Conservative clubs as social centres, especially for working men
What did the Central Office do?
Oversaw the selection of candidates for election
Which party first won over women to its cause?
Conservatives
When did Disraeli die?
1881
Which organisation was formed in memory of Disraeli?
Primrose League
When was the Primrose League formed?
1884
How did the membership of the Primrose League change?
Grew from 957 members in 1884 to 2 million in 1910
How many Primrose League members were women?
1/2
When did the Primrose League flourish?
Until WW1
What decreased the importance of the Primrose League?
Granting of female suffrage; opening of Conservative membership to men and women
Where did Conservative and Liberal working men’s associations succeed post-1867?
Factory towns in Yorkshire and Lancashire
Which working men’s associations were most popular post-1867?
Conservative clubs
When had many middle-class Liberals switched to the Conservatives?
During Gladstone’s long tenure of the premiership
Why did many middle-class Liberals switch to the Conservatives?
Alarmed by growing radicalism of party and Gladstone’s attempts to tackle the Irish question
Why did the Conservative Party fare better than the Liberals?
More effective organisation
What helped to secure the Liberal Party’s landslide victory in the 1906 election?
Operated very successful party machine post-1900; forged links with the LRC
Post-1900, when were there growing divisions within the Liberals?
1910
How did the Liberals split in 1916?
Between supporters of Asquith and Lloyd George
When did many Liberal supporters switch their allegiance to the growing Labour Party?
After 1918
When did the Liberals have the same substantial national network of associations as the Conservatives?
By the 1880s
When was the Independent Labour Party formed?
1893
When did real progress in promoting working-class interests come?
1867-85
How did Britain respond politically to the socialist ideas that were influencing European politics in the 1880s?
3 socialist organisations were formed
What were the socialist organisations formed in 1884?
Social Democratic Federation (SDF); Socialist League; Fabian society