breeding strategies for cattle & buffalo

Question 1

which country is on top position in milk production in world

Answer 1

INDIA

Question 2

india produced ____ tonnes of milk per year

Answer 2

84 million

Question 3

annual growth rate of milk production in india is ____%

Answer 3

4.5

Question 4

define “breeding plan”

Answer 4

the combination of selection and mating system to change the genetic structure

Question 5

name the methods of multi trait selection

Answer 5

1. tandem selection
2. ICL
3. index selection

Question 6

________ is the best method for multi trait selection compared to ICL & TANDEM SELECTION

Answer 6

INDEX SELECTION

Question 7

“adult females at are graded at 4 levels”.enumerate them

Answer 7

1. elite
2. superior
3. good
4. inferior

Question 8

difference between elite & superior grade cattle?

Answer 8

superior grade cattle meet standard equal to elite but inferior in one or more traits

Question 9

____% cattle & ____% buffalo of india are descript

Answer 9

20% cattle

40% buffalo

Question 10

what should be the lactation yield of dams of those bulls which are used to grading up non-descript cattle

Answer 10

more than 2000 kg(if milch breed)

more than 1500 kg(if dual purpose breed)

Question 11

write down 2 formulae for calculating heterozygosity in synthetic population

Answer 11

H=1-Epi(s)
H=(n-1)/n

H=heterozygosity
E=sum
pi= proportional contribution from ith breed(
(s)=square
n=no. of breeds

Question 12

H=_____ in case of two breed synthetic population

Answer 12

2pq

where p & q are proportion of exotic & native genes

Question 13

define “decanalization”

Answer 13

unmasking of genetic variation by environmental shock treatment

Question 14

____% cattle & ____% buffalo of india are non-descript

Answer 14

80% cattle

60% buffalo

Question 15

____% cattle & ____% buffalo of india are descript

Answer 15

20% cattle

40% buffalo

Question 16

name few milch breeds of cattle of india

Answer 16

sahiwal
gir
red sindhi
tharparkar

Question 17

name few dual purpose breeds of cattle of india

Answer 17

hariana
ongole
kankraj

Question 18

what should be the lactation yield of dams of those bulls which are used to grading up non-descript cattle

Answer 18

more than 2000 kg(if milch breed)

more than 1500 kg(if dual purpose breed)

Question 19

_________ is local cattle of gujarat

Answer 19

kankrej

Question 20

_____ cattle breed is used for grading up of local cattle in (gujarat, rajasthan & MP)

Answer 20

GIR

Question 21

_________ is used for grading up of local cattle in (HP,J&K,UP,bihar,assam,arunanchal pradesh,karnataka,kerela,goa)

Answer 21

RED SINDHI

Question 22

________ & ________ are used for grading up of local cattle in (punjab,haryana,MP,UP)

Answer 22

sahiwal

tharparkar

Question 23

Grading up of non-descript cattle with zebu breeds is expected to make an improvement in milk yield by more than ___% annually

Answer 23

5%

Question 24

for grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds which exotic breeds must be used?

Answer 24

1. Holstein Friesian(plains)

2. Jersey(hilly & coastal areas)

Question 25

for grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds _______ exotic breed is used in plains

Answer 25

Holstein Friesian

Question 26

for grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds _______ exotic breed is used in hilly & coastal areas

Answer 26

Jersey

Question 27

total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india acc. to ICAR

Answer 27

15

Question 28

Grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds is expected to increase milk production for more than ____ times

Answer 28

5 times

Question 29

_______ exotic breed is being used in kerela

Answer 29

Brown Swiss

Question 30

the selective breeding within zebu breeds is expected to yield around ___% genetic gain per year in organised herds & ___% genetic gain per year in farmers herd

Answer 30

1%-organised herd | 10%-farmers herd

Question 31

selective breeding in indigenous cattle breeds should be done through _________ programme

Answer 31

associated herd progeny testing

Question 32

____% of total buffalo population in india is non-descript & ____% is descript

Answer 32

60% | 40%

Question 33

total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india?

Answer 33

19(acc. to FAO) | 15(acc. to ICAR)

Question 34

total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india acc. to FAO

Answer 34

19

Question 35

total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india acc. to ICAR

Answer 35

15

Question 36

for grading up of non-descript buffaloes of india which descript breeds are being used?

Answer 36

1. Murrah 2. Nili Ravi 3. Mehsana 4. Surti

Question 37

by grading up of non-descript buffaloes of india with descript breeds, the milk production will increase by ___ times

Answer 37

2-3

Question 38

by continuous grading up, nondescript buffaloes will be very near in conformation to well defined breeds in ____ generations

Answer 38

4-5

Question 39

________ is buffalo breed of choice in karnataka,kerela,gujarat,rajasthan

Answer 39

Surti

Question 40

_______ & _______ buffalo breeds are used in punjab for grading up

Answer 40

Murrah | Nili Ravi

Question 41

_______& _______ are breeds of gujarat

Answer 41

Mehsana | Jaffarabadi

Question 42

the amount of heterozygosity in synthetic population depend on

Answer 42

1. no. of breeds forming a synthetic population | 2. difference in gene frequency between the breeds

Question 43

inter se mating declines the performance in next generation because of decrease in _____________

Answer 43

heterozygosity

Question 44

when higher proportion of exotic inheritance is desirable,then what can be done?

Answer 44

backcrossing of F1(first crossbred generation) to the exotic breed for 1 or 2 generations & then inter se mating can be started

Question 45

the non descript animals can be improved by _______

Answer 45

upgrading

Question 45

well known breed can be improved by _________

Answer 45

selective breeding

Question 45

define "synthetic population"

Answer 45

population formed by combining inheritance of 2 or more breeds

Question 45

when equal proportion of exotic & native inheritance is desired,then population is established by inter se mating of _________

Answer 45

F1(first crossbred generation)

Question 45

how can the decline in performance of next generations in inter se mating be avoided?

Answer 45

by inter se mating of population with higher level of exotic inheritance