breeding strategies for cattle & buffalo Flashcards
which country is on top position in milk production in world
INDIA
india produced ____ tonnes of milk per year
84 million
annual growth rate of milk production in india is ____%
4.5
define “breeding plan”
the combination of selection and mating system to change the genetic structure
name the methods of multi trait selection
- tandem selection
- ICL
- index selection
________ is the best method for multi trait selection compared to ICL & TANDEM SELECTION
INDEX SELECTION
“adult females at are graded at 4 levels”.enumerate them
- elite
- superior
- good
- inferior
difference between elite & superior grade cattle?
superior grade cattle meet standard equal to elite but inferior in one or more traits
____% cattle & ____% buffalo of india are descript
20% cattle
40% buffalo
what should be the lactation yield of dams of those bulls which are used to grading up non-descript cattle
more than 2000 kg(if milch breed)
more than 1500 kg(if dual purpose breed)
write down 2 formulae for calculating heterozygosity in synthetic population
H=1-Epi(s)
H=(n-1)/n
H=heterozygosity E=sum pi= proportional contribution from ith breed( (s)=square n=no. of breeds
H=_____ in case of two breed synthetic population
2pq
where p & q are proportion of exotic & native genes
define “decanalization”
unmasking of genetic variation by environmental shock treatment
____% cattle & ____% buffalo of india are non-descript
80% cattle
60% buffalo
____% cattle & ____% buffalo of india are descript
20% cattle
40% buffalo
name few milch breeds of cattle of india
sahiwal
gir
red sindhi
tharparkar
name few dual purpose breeds of cattle of india
hariana
ongole
kankraj
what should be the lactation yield of dams of those bulls which are used to grading up non-descript cattle
more than 2000 kg(if milch breed)
more than 1500 kg(if dual purpose breed)
_________ is local cattle of gujarat
kankrej
_____ cattle breed is used for grading up of local cattle in (gujarat, rajasthan & MP)
GIR
_________ is used for grading up of local cattle in (HP,J&K,UP,bihar,assam,arunanchal pradesh,karnataka,kerela,goa)
RED SINDHI
________ & ________ are used for grading up of local cattle in (punjab,haryana,MP,UP)
sahiwal
tharparkar
Grading up of non-descript cattle with zebu breeds is expected to make an improvement in milk yield by more than ___% annually
5%
for grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds which exotic breeds must be used?
- Holstein Friesian(plains)
2. Jersey(hilly & coastal areas)
for grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds _______ exotic breed is used in plains
Holstein Friesian
for grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds _______ exotic breed is used in hilly & coastal areas
Jersey
total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india acc. to ICAR
15
Grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds is expected to increase milk production for more than ____ times
5 times
_______ exotic breed is being used in kerela
Brown Swiss
the selective breeding within zebu breeds is expected to yield around ___% genetic gain per year in organised herds & ___% genetic gain per year in farmers herd
1%-organised herd
10%-farmers herd
selective breeding in indigenous cattle breeds should be done through _________ programme
associated herd progeny testing
____% of total buffalo population in india is non-descript & ____% is descript
60%
40%
total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india?
19(acc. to FAO)
15(acc. to ICAR)
total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india acc. to FAO
19
total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india acc. to ICAR
15
for grading up of non-descript buffaloes of india which descript breeds are being used?
- Murrah
- Nili Ravi
- Mehsana
- Surti
by grading up of non-descript buffaloes of india with descript breeds, the milk production will increase by ___ times
2-3
by continuous grading up, nondescript buffaloes will be very near in conformation to well defined breeds in ____ generations
4-5
________ is buffalo breed of choice in karnataka,kerela,gujarat,rajasthan
Surti
_______ & _______ buffalo breeds are used in punjab for grading up
Murrah
Nili Ravi
_______& _______ are breeds of gujarat
Mehsana
Jaffarabadi
the amount of heterozygosity in synthetic population depend on
- no. of breeds forming a synthetic population
2. difference in gene frequency between the breeds
inter se mating declines the performance in next generation because of decrease in _____________
heterozygosity
when higher proportion of exotic inheritance is desirable,then what can be done?
backcrossing of F1(first crossbred generation) to the exotic breed for 1 or 2 generations & then inter se mating can be started
the non descript animals can be improved by _______
upgrading
well known breed can be improved by _________
selective breeding
define “synthetic population”
population formed by combining inheritance of 2 or more breeds
when equal proportion of exotic & native inheritance is desired,then population is established by inter se mating of _________
F1(first crossbred generation)
how can the decline in performance of next generations in inter se mating be avoided?
by inter se mating of population with higher level of exotic inheritance
