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ANIMAL breeding > breeding strategies for cattle & buffalo > Flashcards

breeding strategies for cattle & buffalo Flashcards

1
Q

which country is on top position in milk production in world

A

INDIA

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2
Q

india produced ____ tonnes of milk per year

A

84 million

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3
Q

annual growth rate of milk production in india is ____%

A

4.5

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4
Q

define “breeding plan”

A

the combination of selection and mating system to change the genetic structure

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5
Q

name the methods of multi trait selection

A
  1. tandem selection
  2. ICL
  3. index selection
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6
Q

________ is the best method for multi trait selection compared to ICL & TANDEM SELECTION

A

INDEX SELECTION

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7
Q

“adult females at are graded at 4 levels”.enumerate them

A
  1. elite
  2. superior
  3. good
  4. inferior
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8
Q

difference between elite & superior grade cattle?

A

superior grade cattle meet standard equal to elite but inferior in one or more traits

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9
Q

____% cattle & ____% buffalo of india are descript

A

20% cattle

40% buffalo

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10
Q

what should be the lactation yield of dams of those bulls which are used to grading up non-descript cattle

A

more than 2000 kg(if milch breed)

more than 1500 kg(if dual purpose breed)

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11
Q

write down 2 formulae for calculating heterozygosity in synthetic population

A

H=1-Epi(s)
H=(n-1)/n

H=heterozygosity
E=sum
pi= proportional contribution from ith breed(
(s)=square
n=no. of breeds
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12
Q

H=_____ in case of two breed synthetic population

A

2pq

where p & q are proportion of exotic & native genes

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13
Q

define “decanalization”

A

unmasking of genetic variation by environmental shock treatment

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14
Q

____% cattle & ____% buffalo of india are non-descript

A

80% cattle

60% buffalo

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15
Q

____% cattle & ____% buffalo of india are descript

A

20% cattle

40% buffalo

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16
Q

name few milch breeds of cattle of india

A

sahiwal
gir
red sindhi
tharparkar

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17
Q

name few dual purpose breeds of cattle of india

A

hariana
ongole
kankraj

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18
Q

what should be the lactation yield of dams of those bulls which are used to grading up non-descript cattle

A

more than 2000 kg(if milch breed)

more than 1500 kg(if dual purpose breed)

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19
Q

_________ is local cattle of gujarat

A

kankrej

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20
Q

_____ cattle breed is used for grading up of local cattle in (gujarat, rajasthan & MP)

A

GIR

21
Q

_________ is used for grading up of local cattle in (HP,J&K,UP,bihar,assam,arunanchal pradesh,karnataka,kerela,goa)

A

RED SINDHI

22
Q

________ & ________ are used for grading up of local cattle in (punjab,haryana,MP,UP)

A

sahiwal

tharparkar

23
Q

Grading up of non-descript cattle with zebu breeds is expected to make an improvement in milk yield by more than ___% annually

A

5%

24
Q

for grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds which exotic breeds must be used?

A
  1. Holstein Friesian(plains)

2. Jersey(hilly & coastal areas)

25
Q

for grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds _______ exotic breed is used in plains

A

Holstein Friesian

26
Q

for grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds _______ exotic breed is used in hilly & coastal areas

A

Jersey

27
Q

total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india acc. to ICAR

A

15

28
Q

Grading up of non-descript cattle with exotic breeds is expected to increase milk production for more than ____ times

A

5 times

29
Q

_______ exotic breed is being used in kerela

A

Brown Swiss

30
Q

the selective breeding within zebu breeds is expected to yield around ___% genetic gain per year in organised herds & ___% genetic gain per year in farmers herd

A

1%-organised herd

10%-farmers herd

31
Q

selective breeding in indigenous cattle breeds should be done through _________ programme

A

associated herd progeny testing

32
Q

____% of total buffalo population in india is non-descript & ____% is descript

A

60%

40%

33
Q

total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india?

A

19(acc. to FAO)

15(acc. to ICAR)

34
Q

total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india acc. to FAO

A

19

35
Q

total no. of descript buffalo breeds in india acc. to ICAR

A

15

36
Q

for grading up of non-descript buffaloes of india which descript breeds are being used?

A
  1. Murrah
  2. Nili Ravi
  3. Mehsana
  4. Surti
37
Q

by grading up of non-descript buffaloes of india with descript breeds, the milk production will increase by ___ times

A

2-3

38
Q

by continuous grading up, nondescript buffaloes will be very near in conformation to well defined breeds in ____ generations

A

4-5

39
Q

________ is buffalo breed of choice in karnataka,kerela,gujarat,rajasthan

A

Surti

40
Q

_______ & _______ buffalo breeds are used in punjab for grading up

A

Murrah

Nili Ravi

41
Q

_______& _______ are breeds of gujarat

A

Mehsana

Jaffarabadi

42
Q

the amount of heterozygosity in synthetic population depend on

A
  1. no. of breeds forming a synthetic population

2. difference in gene frequency between the breeds

43
Q

inter se mating declines the performance in next generation because of decrease in _____________

A

heterozygosity

44
Q

when higher proportion of exotic inheritance is desirable,then what can be done?

A

backcrossing of F1(first crossbred generation) to the exotic breed for 1 or 2 generations & then inter se mating can be started

45
Q

the non descript animals can be improved by _______

A

upgrading

45
Q

well known breed can be improved by _________

A

selective breeding

45
Q

define “synthetic population”

A

population formed by combining inheritance of 2 or more breeds

45
Q

when equal proportion of exotic & native inheritance is desired,then population is established by inter se mating of _________

A

F1(first crossbred generation)

45
Q

how can the decline in performance of next generations in inter se mating be avoided?

A

by inter se mating of population with higher level of exotic inheritance

ANIMAL breeding (11 decks)

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