Breast Axilla Lymph Flashcards
What is the annual incidence of breast cancer cases?
300,000 cases each year
Responsible for over 40,000 deaths annually.
What was the trend in breast cancer incidence rates from 1999 to 2007?
Decreased by 1.8 percent per year
What is a ‘prevalence peak’ in the context of breast cancer screening?
A peak due to cancers building up in the population and early detection from screening
What was observed regarding breast cancer incidence starting in 1999?
Incidence began to fall back to baseline
What factor was previously thought to contribute to the decline in breast cancer incidence?
Discontinuation of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
What percentage of women are diagnosed with breast cancer due to mammographically occult disease?
Up to 15 percent
What percentage of women present with interval cancers?
30 percent
List factors that predispose a female to develop breast cancer.
- Age (>40)
- Genetics/African American descent
- Family history of breast cancer
- Personal history of breast cancer
- Early menarche
- Late menopause
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Obesity
- Nulliparity
- Use of hormone replacement therapy
- History of chest radiation
What is the most common location for breast tumors?
Upper outer region of the breast
What tissues compose the breast?
- Adipose
- Glandular
- Fibrous tissue
What is the axillary lymph system composed of?
- Central
- Lateral
- Pectoral
- Subscapular
What is the significance of Rotter’s node in breast cancer?
It is usually removed in aggressive cancer cases
What are the components of a breast examination?
- Inspection
- Palpation
What should be evaluated during breast inspection?
- Size
- Shape
- Symmetry
- Contour
- Color
- Edema
- Dimpling
- Retraction
What is the recommended method for breast palpation?
Use the pads of your fingers
