Abdominal

Question 1

What are the four abdominal quadrants?

Answer 1

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

Question 2

What are the nine abdominal areas?

Answer 2

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ, Epigastric, Hypogastric, Right Flank, Left Flank, Periumbilical

Question 3

What does ROS stand for in a medical context?

Answer 3

Review of Systems

Question 4

In assessing pain, what questions should be asked?

Answer 4

Pain-where, when, better, worse, describe, NVD, LMP, pregnancy?

Question 5

What does NVD stand for?

Answer 5

Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea

Question 6

What indicates bilious vomiting?

Answer 6

Obstruction

Question 7

What can epigastric pain after several episodes of vomiting indicate?

Answer 7

Esophageal tears

Question 8

What are fatty stools called?

Answer 8

Steatorrhea

Question 9

What does bright red blood in the stool indicate?

Answer 9

Lower GI bleeding

Question 10

What is jaundice often associated with?

Answer 10

Mono, liver failure from high bilirubin

Question 11

How long should abdominal auscultation be performed?

Answer 11

At least 15 seconds

Question 12

What does absent bowel sounds suggest?

Answer 12

Paralytic ileus or peritonitis

Question 13

What is borborygmi?

Answer 13

Low-pitched rumbling sounds associated with hyperperistalsis

Question 14

What does shifting dullness indicate?

Answer 14

Ascites

Question 15

What is McBurney’s Point?

Answer 15

One-third of the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus on the right side

Question 16

What is Murphy’s Sign used to diagnose?

Answer 16

Cholecystitis

Question 17

What does the Psoas Sign indicate?

Answer 17

Appendicitis

Question 18

What is the significance of Costovertebral Angle Tenderness (CVAT)?

Answer 18

Indicates inflammation of the kidney, possibly pyelonephritis

Question 19

What is Cullen’s Sign?

Answer 19

Bluish discoloration of the umbilicus from hemoperitoneum

Question 20

What does liver disease commonly cause?

Answer 20

Ascites, Jaundice, Gynecomastia, Lower Extremity Edema, Varices

Question 21

What is the normal liver span when percussed?

Answer 21

No more than 10 cm

Question 22

What is the first step in the abdominal exam sequence?

Answer 22

Inspection

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The presence of a sloshing sound during auscultation suggests _______.

Answer 23

[distention of the stomach or colon]

Question 24

True or False: Appendicitis can present with referred pain in the umbilical area.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What does the term ‘melena’ refer to?

Answer 25

Black stools indicating upper GI bleed

Question 26

What is the purpose of light palpation during an abdominal exam?

Answer 26

Identify tenderness and superficial masses

Question 27

What indicates a positive Murphy’s Sign?

Answer 27

Pain that halts further inspiratory effort

Question 28

What condition is indicated by a fluid wave during palpation?

Answer 28

Ascites

Question 29

What does the term ‘striae’ refer to in a medical examination?

Answer 29

Stretch marks on the skin

Question 30

What could be indicated by a pulsatile mass during palpation?

Answer 30

Aortic aneurysm or other vascular issues

Question 31

What is a common cause of steatorrhea?

Answer 31

Malabsorption syndromes

Question 32

What does ascites typically result from?

Answer 32

Liver failure or heart failure

Question 33

What is the significance of bruising in the abdominal area?

Answer 33

May indicate trauma or internal bleeding

Question 34

What is the recommended positioning for an abdominal exam?

Answer 34

Supine, knees bent, abdomen exposed

Question 35

What is the clinical significance of reduced bowel sounds?

Answer 35

May indicate intestinal obstruction or peritonitis