Breast Abnormalities

Question 1

During the menstrual cycle, _______ are common.

Answer 1

Simple cysts

Question 2

Characteristics of a simple cyst

Answer 2

anechoic, posterior enhancement, well defined borders, mobile

Question 3

What is the most common benign diffuse breast condition?

Answer 3

fibrocystic breast disease

Question 4

Describe fibrocystic breast disease

Answer 4

many small cysts scatter throughout the breast, lumpy painful breasts, varies with menstruation

Question 5

Someone who has fibrocystic breast disease has a higher chance of developing?

Answer 5

breast cancer

Question 6

What is fibrosis?

Answer 6

Thickening of tissue

Question 7

A hemorrhagic cyst contains ______.

Answer 7

blood

Question 8

What is done to diagnose whether or not a hemorrhagic cyst is malignant?

Answer 8

FNA (fine needle aspiration)

Question 9

Hemorrhagic cysts are caused by?

Answer 9

A tumor growing inside the cyst or trauma

Question 10

How do simple hemorrhagic cysts appear sonographically?

Answer 10

internal low level echoes with viscous fluid

Question 11

How do hemorrhagic cysts with neoplasm appear sonographically?

Answer 11

thickened wall or papillary projection from wall

Question 12

True or False: Intracystic Papilloma is not common.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Appearance of intracystic papilloma on ultrasound?

Answer 13

“mass growing inside cyst”

Question 14

What is a dilated duct cyst?

Answer 14

ducts become enlarged by milk and become tubular

Question 15

Dilated ducts are normal with ______ or ______.

Answer 15

Pregnancy; Lactation

Question 16

What is a galactocele?

Answer 16

A milky localized cyst caused by an obstruction of lactiferous duct

Question 17

What is another name for galactocele?

Answer 17

Rentention Cyst

Question 18

What is mastitis?

Answer 18

Inflammation of the breast

Question 19

What causes mastitis?

Answer 19

trauma, staph, obstructed ducts

Question 20

How does mastitis appear sonographically?

Answer 20

diffuse decrease in echogenicity, small fluid collections scattered

Question 21

What is an abscess?

Answer 21

areas of pus due to surgery, breastfeeding, or illness

Question 22

What is a common characteristic of an abscess sonographically?

Answer 22

ring of fire sign

Question 23

What are the two kinds of breast hematoma?

Answer 23

Acute and Chronic

Question 24

Describe acute hematoma

Answer 24

fresh blood; anechoic

Question 25

Describe chronic hematoma

Answer 25

fixed; more echogenic; old blood

Question 26

Name the benign solid masses in the breast

Answer 26

fibroadenoma, cystosarcoma phylloides, intraductal papilloma, lipoma

Question 27

A benign mass ______ rather than _____.

Answer 27

displaces; invades

Question 28

A malignant mass ______ rather than ______.

Answer 28

invades; displaces

Question 29

True or false: a malignant tumor is usually taller than wide

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What is the most common benign primary nodule of the breast?

Answer 30

Fibroadenoma (papilloma)

Question 31

What is another name for fibroadenoma?

Answer 31

papilloma

Question 32

Fibroadenoma is stimulated by?

Answer 32

estrogen

Question 33

What is the most common type of invasive breast carcinoma?

Answer 33

Invasive ductal cell carcinoma

Question 34

What is the second most common type of invasive breast carcinoma?

Answer 34

Invasive Lobular Carcinoma

Question 35

True or False: Malignant masses are usually painful

Answer 35

False; usually feel no pain

Question 36

Where is invasive lobular carcinoma usually found in which quadrant?

Answer 36

upper outer quadrant (UOQ)

Question 37

What population is affected by gynecomastia?

Answer 37

Males

Question 38

What is gynecomastia?

Answer 38

Abnormal proliferation of fibroglandular tissue and fat in men

Question 39

True or False: Breast cancer in men is common

Answer 39

False; very rare (.5%)

Question 40

In silicone implants, the speed of sound is ______ than soft tissue

Answer 40

slower

Question 41

In saline implants, speed of sound is _______ to soft tissue

Answer 41

closer

Question 42

What is FNAB?

Answer 42

fine needle aspiration biopsy done under ultrasound guidance; removes fluid or tissue from mass

Question 43

What is the most common cause of breast lumps?

Answer 43

simple cysts

Question 44

Fibrocystic breast disease varies with?

Answer 44

menstruation

Question 45

Which breast anomaly is most common in a lactating patient?

Answer 45

galactocele

Question 46

Mondor’s disease is acute thrombophlebitis in the superficial _____ of the breast.

Answer 46

vessels

Question 47

True or False: You can get an ultrasound over the age of 35 without a previous mammogram

Answer 47

False; mammogram first

Question 48

When describing the location of a breast mass, the depth is described by _______, while the distance from the nipple is described by _________.

Answer 48

ABC; 123

Question 49

The stepladder sign indicates what? How does it look sonographically?

Answer 49

a ruptured breast implant; multiple linear and curvilinear echogenic lines within implant

Question 50

Invasive lobular carcinoma is usually found in which quadrant?

Answer 50

UOQ

Question 51

Which anomaly is associated with bloody nipple discharge?

Answer 51

intracystic papilloma