Brainstem Flashcards
What are the derivatives of the mesencephalon?
midbrain
What are the derivatives of the metencephalon?
pons and cerebellum
What are the derivatives of the myelencephalon?
medulla oblongata
What is the brain stem made up of?
the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
Which crainial nerves does the brainstem give rise to?
CN III- CNXII
Where is the rostral colliculus located?
in the mid brain
What nucleus communicates with the rostral colliculus?
the lateral geniculate nucleus
What is the rostral colliculus in charge of?
visual reflexes - body and ocular, and pupillary dilation
Where is the caudal colliculus located?
in the mid brain
What nucleus communicates with the caudal colliculus?
the medial geniculate nucleus
What is the caudal colliculus in charge of?
the auditory reflex - the startle reflex
What part of the brain stem are the cerebellar peduncles part of?
the pons
What are the cerebellar peduncles?
three tracts made up of cerebellar afferent and efferent fibers
What are the clinical signs of peduncular lesions?
ataxia, intention tremor, circling, and spontaneous oscillation of the eyes
Where is the medulla oblongata located?
caudal to the cerebellar peduncle and rostral to the spinal cord
Where is the crus cerebri located?
in the mid brain
What is the crus cerebri made up of?
cerebral motor tracts
What cranial nerves does the midbrain give rise to?
CN III - oculomotor and CN IV - trochlear
What cranial nerve does the pons give rise to?
CN V - trigeminal nerve
What is the medulla oblongata made up of?
pyramid and trapezoid body
What is the pyramid?
nothing but a descending cerebral motor tract
What type of structure is the trapezoid body?
auditory
What cranial nerves does the medulla oblongata give rise to?
CN VI-CN XII
What type of matter are the nuclei of the brain stem made up of?
grey matter
