Brainstem

Question 1

What are the derivatives of the mesencephalon?

Answer 1

midbrain

Question 2

What are the derivatives of the metencephalon?

Answer 2

pons and cerebellum

Question 3

What are the derivatives of the myelencephalon?

Answer 3

medulla oblongata

Question 4

What is the brain stem made up of?

Answer 4

the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

Question 5

Which crainial nerves does the brainstem give rise to?

Answer 5

CN III- CNXII

Question 6

Where is the rostral colliculus located?

Answer 6

in the mid brain

Question 7

What nucleus communicates with the rostral colliculus?

Answer 7

the lateral geniculate nucleus

Question 8

What is the rostral colliculus in charge of?

Answer 8

visual reflexes - body and ocular, and pupillary dilation

Question 9

Where is the caudal colliculus located?

Answer 9

in the mid brain

Question 10

What nucleus communicates with the caudal colliculus?

Answer 10

the medial geniculate nucleus

Question 11

What is the caudal colliculus in charge of?

Answer 11

the auditory reflex - the startle reflex

Question 12

What part of the brain stem are the cerebellar peduncles part of?

Answer 12

the pons

Question 13

What are the cerebellar peduncles?

Answer 13

three tracts made up of cerebellar afferent and efferent fibers

Question 14

What are the clinical signs of peduncular lesions?

Answer 14

ataxia, intention tremor, circling, and spontaneous oscillation of the eyes

Question 15

Where is the medulla oblongata located?

Answer 15

caudal to the cerebellar peduncle and rostral to the spinal cord

Question 16

Where is the crus cerebri located?

Answer 16

in the mid brain

Question 17

What is the crus cerebri made up of?

Answer 17

cerebral motor tracts

Question 18

What cranial nerves does the midbrain give rise to?

Answer 18

CN III - oculomotor and CN IV - trochlear

Question 19

What cranial nerve does the pons give rise to?

Answer 19

CN V - trigeminal nerve

Question 20

What is the medulla oblongata made up of?

Answer 20

pyramid and trapezoid body

Question 21

What is the pyramid?

Answer 21

nothing but a descending cerebral motor tract

Question 22

What type of structure is the trapezoid body?

Answer 22

auditory

Question 23

What cranial nerves does the medulla oblongata give rise to?

Answer 23

CN VI-CN XII

Question 24

What type of matter are the nuclei of the brain stem made up of?

Answer 24

grey matter

Question 25

What is the general structure of the nuclei of the brain stem?

Answer 25

segmented, various size and shape

Question 26

What type of matter are the tracts of the brain stem made up of?

Answer 26

white matter

Question 27

What can the tracts of the nervous system originate from?

Answer 27

the cerebral cortex, brain stem, or spinal cord

Question 28

What type of matter is the reticular formation made up of?

Answer 28

both grey and white

Question 29

Where is the motor tract of the hypoglossal nerve located?

Answer 29

in the pyramid

Question 30

What does the hypoglossal nerve control?

Answer 30

intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles

Question 31

What is the reticular formation in charge of?

Answer 31

consciousness and has visceromotor centers

Question 32

What do the visceromotor centers of the reticular formation control?

Answer 32

micturition, respiratory, cardiovascular, swallowing, and vomiting