Brainstem Flashcards
What are the 3 parts of the Brainstem
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla
What Secondary Vesicles during development give rise to the Brainstem?
Mesencephalon (Midbrain)
Metencephalon (Pons)
Myelencephalon (Medulla)
Evolutionarily old portion of the brain; site of attachment for several Cranial nerves (PNS); highway for ascending/descending tracts; instead of gray matter, it has numerous nuclei
Brainstem
The Brainstem has a well defined gray matter in a single cluster, so is very similar to the Spinal Cord (True or False)
False; no singular cluster of gray matter, instead has numerous nuclei
The White matter of the Brainstem has what?
Ascending tracts
Descending tracts
Local tracts
Stalk of white matter joining two areas of the nervous system (seen in Pons and Midbrain) containing axons
Peduncle
Important VENTRAL structure of the Midbrain
Cerebral Peduncle
Important VENTRAL structures of the Medulla (2 total)
Olive
Pyramid
What are the 4 bumps on the Dorsal Midbrain called?
Superior and Inferior Colliculi
The brain receives blood from what two types of arteries?
- Internal carotid (vascularize anterior brain)
2. Vertebral arteries (vascularize posterior brain)
Each internal carotid gives rise to
- ACA (anterior cerebral artery)
2. MCA (middle cerebral artery)
Vertebral arteries unite and form
Basilar and its pontine branches
The Basilar artery gives rise to what other arteries besides pontine branches?
- PCA (posterior cerebral artery)
- Superior cerebellar
- AICA (anterior inferior cerebellar artery)
Describe the blood supply of the Midbrain
PCA
Basilar/Pontines
Describe the blood supply of the Pons
AICA
Basilar/Pontines
Describe the blood supply of the Medulla
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar artery
Veretebral artery (lateral)
Anterior Spinal artery
The ________________ Medulla is the site for decussation of the Dorsal Columns and Corticospinal (starting to decussate)Tracts
Caudal
The Caudal Medulla is the site for decussation of what tracts?
Medial Lemnicus Corticospinal Tracts (Lateral)
If the Pontine artery is obstructed in the Pons, which tract(s) will be affected
Medial Lemniscus
Corticospinal
If the AICA is obstructed in the Pons, which tract(s) will be affected
Spinothalamic tract
Hypothalamospinal tract
The Olive of the Mid-Medulla is supplied by what artery?
Veretebral artery
An obstruction of the Anterior Spinal artery will impact what tract(s) in the Mid-Medulla?
Corticospinal tract (via pyramids) Medial Lemnicus
An obstruction of the PICA will impact what tract(s) in the Mid-Medulla
Spinothalamic tract
Hypothalamospinal tract
As the Hypothalamospinal tract descends the brainstem, it migrates from _____ to ______
Centrally (midbrain)–>Lateral (medulla)
