Brain Structures Involved in Memory (5B)

Question 1

What are the two major types of long term memory?

Answer 1

Explicit and implicit

Question 2

What are the two types of explicit memory?

Answer 2

Semantic and episodic

Question 3

What are the two types of implicit memory?

Answer 3

Procedural memory and classically conditioned memory

Question 4

What is explicit memory?

Answer 4

It’s also known as declaritive memory. It’s a. type of long term memory that is

Question 5

What is explicit memory?

Answer 5

It is also known as declarative memory. It’s this type of long-term memory that is consciously and voluntarily retrieved from long-term memory to be brought into conscious awareness.

Question 6

An example of explicit memory

Answer 6

example is a 16th birthday or remembering the states of Australia

Question 7

What is implicit memory?

Answer 7

It’s a type of long-term memory that is unconsciously retrieved and involuntarily.

Question 8

What two examples of explicit memory?

Answer 8

Remembering how to kick a soccer ball during match or remember how scared you were off seeing an aggressive dog.

Question 9

What is semantic memory?

Answer 9

A type of explicit memory that consists of of general knowledge or facts

Question 10

What is an example of semantic memory?

Answer 10

Remembering different dog breeds

Question 11

What is episodic memory?

Answer 11

A type of explicit memory that consist of personal experiences or events

Question 12

What is an example of episodic memory?

Answer 12

Remembering family holiday

Question 13

What is procedural memory?

Answer 13

A type of implicit memory that involves knowing how to carry out tasks that are facilitated by motor skills

Question 14

What is an example of a procedural memory?

Answer 14

Remembering how to tie your shoe

Question 15

What is our classically conditioned memory?

Answer 15

A type of implicit memory that involves an involuntary response such as fear to a stimulus which has been repeatedly associated with an emotionally arousing stimulus. This response is usually emotionally charged commonly involving strong feelings like fear, disgust or elation.

Question 16

What are the three main brain structures for explicit memories?

Answer 16

Hippocampus

Amygdala

Neocortex

Question 17

What does the hippocampus do?

Answer 17

Encodes, consolidates and retrieves explicit memories. The hippocampus is located in the middle of the brain. People who have damaged this area may have difficulty forming new explicit memories as usually consolidate these memories.

Question 18

What does the Amygdala do?

Answer 18

Encourage the emotional component of memories. It is in the middle of the brain often described as the fear centre. This is for classic conditioned and explicit memories. Once the amygdala detect an experience that is emotionally arousing it signals this to the hippocampus which enhances the strength of the memory during encoding.

Question 19

What is the neocortex?

Answer 19

It stores explicit memories and is the top layer of the cerebral cortex. Once episodic and semantic memories are converted into useful form in the hippocampus, they are stored in the neocortex where they can be retrieved it covers most of the surface and consist of lobes when memories are stored in particular locations based on the type of memory.

Question 20

What process of memory is the hippocampus mainly responsible for?

Answer 20

Encoding and retrieving

Question 21

What memory processes is the Amygdala mainly responsible for?

Answer 21

Encoding

Question 22

What memory processes is the neo cortex mainly responsible for?

Answer 22

Storage of memories

Question 23

What brain structures are most important for procedural memories?

Answer 23

Cerebellum
Basal ganglia
Neocortex- motor

Question 24

What does the basal ganglia do?

Answer 24

It is located in the middle of the brain and encodes procedural memories via its connection with the cerebellum. It is responsible for planning and control of fine motor movement for goal orientated behaviours. It stores classically condition responses and is also responsible for forming and guiding habits which are implicit memory.

Question 25

What does the cerebellum do?

Answer 25

It encodes and temporarily stores implicit memories that are procedural or simple classically conditioned responses. It is located at the base of the brain and is also involved in motor control coordination and balance