Brain Structures Involved in Memory (5B) Flashcards
What are the two major types of long term memory?
Explicit and implicit
What are the two types of explicit memory?
Semantic and episodic
What are the two types of implicit memory?
Procedural memory and classically conditioned memory
What is explicit memory?
It’s also known as declaritive memory. It’s a. type of long term memory that is
What is explicit memory?
It is also known as declarative memory. It’s this type of long-term memory that is consciously and voluntarily retrieved from long-term memory to be brought into conscious awareness.
An example of explicit memory
example is a 16th birthday or remembering the states of Australia
What is implicit memory?
It’s a type of long-term memory that is unconsciously retrieved and involuntarily.
What two examples of explicit memory?
Remembering how to kick a soccer ball during match or remember how scared you were off seeing an aggressive dog.
What is semantic memory?
A type of explicit memory that consists of of general knowledge or facts
What is an example of semantic memory?
Remembering different dog breeds
What is episodic memory?
A type of explicit memory that consist of personal experiences or events
What is an example of episodic memory?
Remembering family holiday
What is procedural memory?
A type of implicit memory that involves knowing how to carry out tasks that are facilitated by motor skills
What is an example of a procedural memory?
Remembering how to tie your shoe
What is our classically conditioned memory?
A type of implicit memory that involves an involuntary response such as fear to a stimulus which has been repeatedly associated with an emotionally arousing stimulus. This response is usually emotionally charged commonly involving strong feelings like fear, disgust or elation.
What are the three main brain structures for explicit memories?
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Neocortex
What does the hippocampus do?
Encodes, consolidates and retrieves explicit memories. The hippocampus is located in the middle of the brain. People who have damaged this area may have difficulty forming new explicit memories as usually consolidate these memories.
What does the Amygdala do?
Encourage the emotional component of memories. It is in the middle of the brain often described as the fear centre. This is for classic conditioned and explicit memories. Once the amygdala detect an experience that is emotionally arousing it signals this to the hippocampus which enhances the strength of the memory during encoding.
What is the neocortex?
It stores explicit memories and is the top layer of the cerebral cortex. Once episodic and semantic memories are converted into useful form in the hippocampus, they are stored in the neocortex where they can be retrieved it covers most of the surface and consist of lobes when memories are stored in particular locations based on the type of memory.
What process of memory is the hippocampus mainly responsible for?
Encoding and retrieving
What memory processes is the Amygdala mainly responsible for?
Encoding
What memory processes is the neo cortex mainly responsible for?
Storage of memories
What brain structures are most important for procedural memories?
Cerebellum
Basal ganglia
Neocortex- motor
What does the basal ganglia do?
It is located in the middle of the brain and encodes procedural memories via its connection with the cerebellum. It is responsible for planning and control of fine motor movement for goal orientated behaviours. It stores classically condition responses and is also responsible for forming and guiding habits which are implicit memory.
What does the cerebellum do?
It encodes and temporarily stores implicit memories that are procedural or simple classically conditioned responses. It is located at the base of the brain and is also involved in motor control coordination and balance
