Brain Anatomy II

Question 1

In what sub-cortices can the cerebral cortex be divided?

Answer 1

Neocortex
Archicortex
Paleocortex

Question 2

Two other names for neocortex?

Answer 2

Neopallium or

Isocortex.

Question 3

The Archicortex and the Paleocortex are the cortical parts of what system?

Answer 3

The limbic system.

Question 4

What is white matter?

Answer 4

Glial Cells
Myelinated Axons

Fun Fact for Cannibals: freshly cut white matter actually appears pinkish and becomes white due to preservation in formaldehyde.

Question 5

What does grey matter consist of?

Answer 5

Neuronal Cell Bodies
Neuropil (dendrites and unmyelinated axons)
Glial Cells
Capillaries (a body’s smallest blood vessels)

Question 6

How many horizontal layers does the neocortex consist of?

Answer 6

6

Question 7

What does a gyrus look like?

Answer 7

a wrinkle

Question 8

What does a sulcus look like?

Answer 8

a groove

Question 9

Why is the neocortex also called isocortex?

Answer 9

Because its structure is relatively uniform -> iso

Question 10

Which lobes are part of the neocortex?

Answer 10

All (frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital) but the insular lobe.

Question 11

What are the two parts of an insular lobe (aka.: insular cortex, insulary cortex, insula or the “Island of Reil”)?

Answer 11

the anterior insula (larger)

the posterior insula (smaller)

Question 12

What sulcus lies between the temporal and the frontal lobe?

Answer 12

the lateral sulcus (aka. lateral fissure)

Question 13

What are the names of the three gyri comprising the superolateral temporal lobe (from top to bottom)?

Answer 13

Superior Temporal Gyrus
Middle Temporal Gyrus
Inferior Temporal Gyrus
(Note: Middle not medial!)

Question 14

What’s the name of the sulcus that seperates frontal and parietal lobe?

Answer 14

central sulcus

Question 15

What gyri comprise the superolateral frontal lobe (from top to bottom and then going backwards?

Answer 15

Superior Frontal Gyrus
Middle Frontal Gyrus
Inferior Frontal Gyrus
Anterior Central Gyrus

Question 16

The post central gyrus is part of which neocortical lobe?

Answer 16

the parietal lobe

Question 17

Latin for front,
back and
sidewards?

Answer 17

anterior
posterior
lateral

Question 18

Latin for in the middle?

Answer 18

medial

Question 19

What is the name of the “lid” covering the insular lobe and consisting of three other lobes?

Answer 19

Operculum

Question 20

That part of the frontal/occipital/parietal/temporal lobe that lies on the surface?

Answer 20

superolateral

Question 21

Fancy adjective for example for internal parts of lobes?

Answer 21

medial

Question 22

Fancy adjective for the fordermost part of the frontal lobe?

Answer 22

prefrontal

Question 23

On the basis of what are Brodmann areas distinguishable?

Answer 23

on the basis of Cytoarchitectonics (cell-architecture)

Question 24

The olfactory bulb lies inferior to?

Answer 24

the frontal lobe

Question 25

Where is Broca’s area located?

Answer 25

(only!) on the left (!) inferior frontal gyrus

Question 26

Where is Wernicke’s area located?

Answer 26

on the superior temporal gyrus

Question 27

Two possible kinds of somatic nerves?

Answer 27

sensory nerves

motor nerves

Question 28

There are somatic nerves and ______ nerves.

Answer 28

vegetative nerves

Question 29

groups of nerve cells are connected by?

Answer 29

tracts (pathways)