Anatomy of Brain and CNS III

Question 1

What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

Answer 1

Peripheral Nerves and Ganglia

Question 2

Where can grey matter be found?

Answer 2

cortical layers
nuclei
spinal columns

Question 3

Main parts of the Ventricles?

Answer 3

Lateral Ventricles (one on each side)
Third Ventricle
Cerebral Aqueduct
Fourth Ventricle

Question 4

Main function of the ventricles?

Answer 4

Physical support and cushioning against brain damage.

Question 5

How should the Basal Ganglia actually be called and why?

Answer 5

Basal Nuclei, because “Ganglia” usually refers to a bunch of neuronal cellbodies in the PNS and not in the CNS.

Question 6

On what substructure of the Midbrain (Mesencephalon) can you find the four colliculi (“little hills”)?

Answer 6

On the tectum.

Question 7

Main parts of the Basal Ganglia?

Answer 7

• Caudate Nucleus
• Putamen
• (internal and external) Globus Pallidus

Question 8

What part of the Basal Ganglia looks like it had a head, a body and a tail?

Answer 8

the Caudate Nucleus

Question 9

The Globus Pallidus and the Putamen together are refered to as the?

Answer 9

lentiform nucleus

Question 10

What cortices comprise the allocortex?

Answer 10

Archicortex and Paleocortex

Question 11

The caudate nucleus combined with the putamen is refered to as the?

Answer 11

Neostriatum (aka. Striatum)

Question 12

What does the Neostriatum consist of?

Answer 12

caudate nucelus and

putamen

Question 13

What does the lentiform nucleus consist of?

Answer 13

globus pallidus and putamen

Question 14

What functionally related nuclei are addressed by the term “Limbic System”?

Answer 14

Among others: Hippocampus, Fornix, Mamillary Bodies, Amygdala.

Question 15

What are the ventricles filled with?

Answer 15

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Question 16

What is a collective term for the four colliculi sitting on the tectum of the midbrain?

Answer 16

corpora quadrigemina

Question 17

Is the pineal gland part of the mesencephalon or the diencephalon?

Answer 17

diencephalon

Question 18

The parts of the cerebral cortex with six layers are called __________ and all the other parts are called _______________.

Answer 18

The parts of the cerebral cortex with six layers are called NEOCORTEX and all the other parts are called ALLOCORTEX.

Question 19

What is a nerve?

Answer 19

A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system.

Question 20

What is a spinal nerve?

Answer 20

Spinal nerve generally refers to a mixed spinal nerve (carries motor, sensory and autonomic signals) between the spinal cord and the body.

Question 21

What is a cranial nerve?

Answer 21

Cranial nerves are nerves that emerge directly from the brain, in contrast to spinal nerves, which emerge from the spinal cord.

Question 22

The spinal nerves are part of what nervous system?

Answer 22

the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 23

How many pairs of cranial nerves do humans have (traditonally)?

Answer 23

12

Question 24

How many pairs of spinal nerves do humans have?

Answer 24

31

Question 25

What is the Central Nervous System’s analogous structure of nerves, which occur in the PNS?

Answer 25

Tracts

Question 26

How is a bundle of axons in the CNS called?

Answer 26

tract

Question 27

How is a bundle of axons in the PNS called?

Answer 27

nerve