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A & P > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

1
Q

The pyramids, internal capsule, and corona radiate contain:

1) association fibers
2) projection fibers
3) commissures
4) gray matter

A

Projection Fibers

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2
Q

Where are superior and inferior colliculi located?

1) pons
2) diencephalon
3) medulla
4) midbrain

A

Midbrain

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3
Q

To which part(s) of the brain does the embryonic forebrain give rise?

1) frontal lobe
2) cerebrum only
3) cerebrum and diencephalon
4) cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata

A

Cerebrum and diencephalon

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4
Q

All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the ________.

1) hippocampus
2) cingulate gyrus
3) amygdaloid nucleus
4) caudate nucleus

A

Caudate nucleus

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5
Q

Coordination and balance is controlled by the:

1) hypothalamus
2) pons
3) cerebellum
4) temporal lobe

A

Cerebellum

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6
Q

Select the correct statement:

1) The left side of the body is generally controlled by the left hemisphere.
2) The left side of the body is generally controlled by the right hemisphere.
3) A stroke to a person’s left hemisphere will affect the left side of his or her body.
4) The right hemisphere is the dominant hemisphere in males, but not in females.

A

2) The left side of the body is generally controlled by the right hemisphere.

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7
Q

What is the cause of Parkinson’s Disease?

1) dopamine deficiency
2) norepinephrine deficiency
3) epinephrine excess
4) dopamine excess

A

Dopamine deficiency

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8
Q

The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex is the ________.

1) thalamus
2) reticular formation
3) pyramids
4) limbic system

A

Reticular formation

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9
Q

Which of the following structures is probably not directly involved in memory?

1) hippocampus
2) medulla
3) amygdala
4) prefrontal cortex

A

Medulla

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10
Q

Which body part(s) occupy the greatest portion of the primary motor cortex?

1) legs.
2) feet and toes.
3) mouth.
4) hands and fingers.

A

Hands and fingers

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11
Q

Not only is the pons acts like a bridge between the medulla and other brain areas, but it also affects:

1) higher reasoning.
2) breathing.
3) activity.
4) motor behavior.

A

Breathing

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12
Q

In most of us, the right hemisphere of the brain is primarily in charge of:

1) art.
2) mathematics.
3) logic.
4) language.

A

Art

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13
Q

The thalamus arises from the mesencephalon:

A

False

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14
Q

In which lobe is Broca’s area found?

1) left parietal lobe.
2) right parietal lobe.
3) left frontal lobe.
4) right frontal lobe.

A

Left frontal lobe

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15
Q

Higher mental activities, such as reasoning, are controlled by the:

1) frontal lobe
2) cerebellum
3) medulla oblongata
4) temporal lobe

A

Frontal lobe

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16
Q

The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges?

1) arachnoid and epidura
2) arachnoid and pia
3) arachnoid and dura
4) dura and epidura

A

Arachnoid and pia

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17
Q

If the hippocampus becomes damaged, it will result in:

1) loss of balance
2) inability to speak or use language
3) inability to regulate body temperature
4) loss of memory

A

Loss of memory

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18
Q

Which is the motor association area that is most closely associated with language production?

1) Broca’s area
2) premotor cortex
3) prefrontal cortex
4) Wernicke’s area

A

Broca’s area

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19
Q

The group of myelinated axons that interconnect the cerebral hemispheres are called:

1) the cortex.
2) association fibers.
3) connector neurons.
4) the corpus callosum.

A

The corpus callosum

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20
Q

The parietal lobe is to touch as the occipital lobe is to:

1) vision.
2) hearing.
3) touch.
4) smell.

A

Vision

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21
Q

When a surgeon succeeds in producing flashes of colored light and simple visual experiences in a patient undergoing brain surgery, the patient’s ____ has been activated.

1) parietal lobe.
2) temporal lobe.
3) occipital lobe.
4) frontal lobe.

A

Occipital lobe

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22
Q

The blood-brain barrier is effective against ________.

1) metabolic waste such as urea
2) nutrients such as glucose
3) alcohol
4) anesthetics

A

Metabolic waste such as urea

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23
Q

Which is the rather complex association area that is most closely associated with language comprehension?

1) premotor cortex
2) prefrontal cortex
3) Broca’s area
4) Wernicke’s area

A

Wernicke’s area

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24
Q

To which part of the brain does the embryonic hindbrain give rise?

1) cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata
2) diencephalon
3) midbrain
4) cerebrum and basal ganglia

A

Cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata

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25
Q

Where is body temperature regulated?

1) cerebrum
2) hypothalamus
3) cerebellum
4) thalamus

A

Hypothalamus

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26
Q

Vital life functions like heart rate and breathing are regulated by reflex control centers located in:

1) the pituitary gland.
2) the cerebellar cortex.
3) the amygdala.
4) the medulla.

A

Medulla

27
Q

Injury to the cerebellum will cause:

1) reduced emotional response.
2) the heart and breathing to stop.
3) hearing loss.
4) loss of muscular coordination.

A

Loss of muscular coordination

28
Q

The midbrain arises from the embryonic midbrain:

A

True

29
Q

The RAS is comprised of specific pathways primarily in the limbic system.

A

False

30
Q

The cerebellar cortex:

1) is the outer gray matter layer of the cerebellum.
2) consists of myelinated fibers.
3) covers the white mater of the cerebrum.
4) is the location for our conscious mind.

A

1) is the outer gray matter layer of the cerebellum.

31
Q

The hypothalamus is often referred to as:

1) the reflex center
2) the anger and fear center
3) the visceral control center
4) the postural control center

A

The visceral control center

32
Q

In which lobes are the primary somatosensory areas found?

1) occipital lobes.
2) temporal lobes.
3) frontal lobes.
4) parietal lobes.

A

Parietal lobes

33
Q

What cells line the ventricles of the brain?

1) ependymal cells
2) neurons
3) epithelial cells
4) astrocytes

A

1) ependymal cells

34
Q

You are walking back to your car on one of the dark side streets off Central after a late night of studying with a friend at the Frontier. You suddenly realize that somebody is approaching you rapidly, and you immediately hit the panic button on your car key. Which part of your forebrain is mainly responsible for your reaction?

1) medulla.
2) amygdala.
3) hippocampus.
4) cerebrum.

A

Amygdala

35
Q

The midbrain arises from the mesencephalon:

A

True

36
Q

Which body part(s) occupy the greatest portion of the primary somatosensory area in the cortex?

1) back.
2) shoulder.
3) legs.
4) mouth.

A

Mouth

37
Q

Damage to Broca’s area of the brain results in:

1) difficulty with producing words
2) Parkinson’s Disease
3) difficulty understanding
4) the inability to type

A

Difficulty with producing words

38
Q

To which part(s) of the brain does the embryonic midbrain give rise?

1) cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata
2) diencephalon
3) cerebrum and basal ganglia
4) midbrain

A

Midbrain

39
Q

Which lobes contain the cortical region to sense touch, temperature, and pressure?

1) the temporal lobes
2) the parietal lobes
3) the occipital lobes
4) the frontal lobes

A

The parietal lobes

40
Q

The cortical region of the frontal lobe that controls skeletal muscle movement is the:

1) somatosensory area.
2) associative area.
3) cerebral cortex.
4) motor cortex.

A

Motor cortex

41
Q

The pons, midbrain, and medulla oblongata belong to the:

1) basal nuclei
2) cerebrum
3) diencephalon
4) brain stem

A

Brain stem

42
Q

Most of the ascending and descending pathways to and from the brain cross over from one side of the body to the other.

A

True

43
Q

From which embryonic germ layer does the nervous system arise:

1) mesoderm
2) ectoderm
3) endoderm
4) epiderm

A

Ectoderm

44
Q

The neural crest gives rise to most of the PNS neurons:

A

True

45
Q

The part of the brain that maintains homeostasis by linking activities of the endocrine and nervous systems together is called the:

1) hypothalamus
2) thalamus
3) substantia nigra
4) lentiform nucleus

A

Hypothalamus

46
Q

The hypothalamus arises from the mesencephalon:

A

False

47
Q

The limbic system acts as our emotional, or affective, brain.

A

True

48
Q

The neural tube gives rise to the CNS:

A

True

49
Q

Where are visual and auditory reflexes centered?

1) pons
2) medulla
3) diencephalon
4) midbrain

A

Midbrain

50
Q

The thalamus is analogous to:

1) the editor of a newspaper.
2) the publisher of a newspaper.
3) the journalist of a newspaper.
4) the printer of a newspaper.

A

The editor of a newspaper

51
Q

Two parts of the brain that play a significant role in helping us maintain balance are:

1) cerebellum and basal nuclei.
2) amygdala and hippocampus.
3) corpus callosum and fornix.
4) medulla and pons.

A

Cerebellum and basal nuclei

52
Q

In order to perform a split-brain operation, the __________ must be severed.

1) cerebral cortex
2) corpus callosum
3) pons
4) cerebellum

A

Corpus callosum

53
Q

Partial blindness may be the result of a stroke in:

1) the frontal lobe.
2) the parietal lobe.
3) the temporal lobe.
4) the occipital lobe.

A

The occipital lobe

54
Q

The corpora quadrigemini arise from the mesencephalon:

A

True

55
Q

In which lobe to auditory stimuli arrive?

1) occipital
2) temporal
3) parietal
4) frontal

A

Temporal

56
Q

Your elderly patient who is recuperating from a bad fall says “dat” when shown a picture of a cat. Most likely, your patient has damaged:

1) The cerebellum.
2) Broca’s area.
3) The basal nuclei.
4) Wernicke’s area.

A

Broca’s area

57
Q

If the frontal lobes of your patient are damaged in an accident, what kind of diagnosis should you predict?

1) numbness across most of the body
2) reduced reasoning and planning abilities as well as changes in personality
3) blindness and deafness
4) inability to taste

A

2) reduced reasoning and planning abilities as well as changes in personality

58
Q

Which cortical area is stimulated if application of a quick electrical current causes various body parts to move?

1) motor cortex of the frontal lobes.
2) interpretative cortex of the temporal lobes.
3) somesthetic area of the parietal lobe.
4) association cortex of the occipital lobes.

A

Motor cortex of frontal lobes

59
Q

The left cerebral hemisphere is usually best at drawing a picture.

A

False

60
Q

Which brain area screens most incoming sensory data?

1) cerebral cortex
2) medulla
3) cerebellum
4) thalamus

A

Thalamus

61
Q

The hippocampus:

1) is one of the midbrain nuclei.
2) together with the hypothalamus, controls our body temperature.
3) helps form lasting memories.
4) is almond shaped.

A

3) helps form lasting memories.

62
Q

Which of the following would you not find in normal cerebrospinal fluid?

1) glucose
2) red blood cells
3) potassium
4) protein

A

Red blood cells

63
Q

Which area of the cerebrum is activated when one thinks and solves problems?

1) temporal lobe
2) parietal lobe
3) frontal lobe
4) occipital lobe

A

Frontal lobe

A & P (8 decks)

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