Bones

Question 1

The function of osteoclasts is to:

1) Maintain bone tissue structure
2) Break down bone matrix
3) Absorb nutrients
4) Synthesize bone matrix

Answer 1

2) Break down bone matrix

Question 2

The shaft of a bone is known as the:

1) periosteum.
2) epiphysis.
3) metaphysis.
4) diaphysis.

Answer 2

4) diaphysis

Question 3

____________ produce new bone, while ____________ resorb bone.

1) osteoclasts, osteocytes
2) osteoblasts, osteoclasts
3) osteocytes, osteoblasts
4) osteoclasts, osteoblasts

Answer 3

2) osteoblasts, osteoclasts

Question 4

Vertebrae are:

1) irregular bones
2) flat bones
3) long bones
4) short bones

Answer 4

1) Irregular bones

Question 5

The spaces that are occupied by the cell processes of osteocytes are:

1) central canals.
2) Volkmann canals.
3) canaliculi.
4) perforating canals.

Answer 5

3) canaliculi

Question 6

The small, seed-shaped bones along the tendons of some muscles are classified as:

Question 6 options:

1) flat bones
2) sesamoid bones
3) short bones
4) both b and c

Answer 6

2) sesamoid bones

Question 7

Bone matrix is destroyed by:

1) chondrocytes.
2) osteoclasts.
3) osteoblasts.
4) osteocytes.

Answer 7

2) osteoclasts

Question 8

An expanded, knobby region at each end of a long bone is called the:

1) diaphysis
2) metaphysis
3) head
4) epiphysis

Answer 8

4) epiphysis

Question 9

Which of these substances makes up the major portion of bone?

1) osteoblasts
2) proteoglycan aggregates
3) osteocytes
4) hydroxyapatite
5) collagen

Answer 9

4) hydroxyapatite

Question 10

Spongy bone consists of:

1) canaliculi.
2) a Haversian system.
3) osteons.
4) circumferential lamellae.
5) trabeculae.

Answer 10

5) trabeculae

Question 11

Hematopoiesis is the process of:

1) blood cell production
2) entrapment of blood vessels by developing bone
3) bone formation
4) cartilage formation

Answer 11

1) blood cell production

Question 12

Yellow bone marrow contains mostly:

1) fibroblasts
2) elastic fibers
3) reticulocytes
4) adipose tissue

Answer 12

4) adipose tissue

Question 13

This is an example of a flat bone:

1) femur
2) vertebra
3) talus
4) sternum

Answer 13

4) Sternum

Question 14

Select the INCORRECT statement. In normal, HEALTHY adult bones:

1) Stresses affect the thickness of bone.
2) A portion of the protein and mineral content is replaced each year.
3) Osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity.
4) Osteoclasts and osteoblast activity are about the same.

Answer 14

3) Osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity.

Question 15

A small space within compact bone housing an osteocyte is termed a:

1) lacuna.
2) canaliculus.
3) lamella.
4) medullary cavity.

Answer 15

1) lacuna

Question 16

Which of these structures is found in compact bone, but not in spongy bone?

1) lamellae
2) canaliculi
3) osteoclasts
4) osteocytes
5) central (Haversian) canals

Answer 16

4) osteocytes

Question 17

Red bone marrow:

1) stores adipose tissue.
2) manufactures tissue cells for the skin.
3) manufactures blood cells.
4) stores bone forming cells.

Answer 17

3) manufactures blood cells

Question 18

The epiphyseal plate in children and adolescents is composed of:

1) bone
2) hyaline cartilage
3) elastic fiber, collagen fibers, and elastic cartilage
4) collagen fibers

Answer 18

2) hyaline cartilage