Bowel Cancer Flashcards
what sex is more commonly affected by colonic adenocarcinomas?
MEN
what are the symptoms of colonic carcinoma?
- usually none!
- anaemia
- rectal blood loss
what do most colonic carcinomas arise from?
POLYPS
- most polyps will bleed due to irritation and trauma
how long roughly does it take for colonic polyps to develop into carcinoma?
5 years
what diet variables can make the risk of colonic cancer increase?
- low fibre
- high fat
- high meat
- low veg
what other factors may increase a patients risk for developing colonic carcinoma?
- genetics
- smoking
- ulcerative colitis
- intestinal polyps
what is intestinal polyposis?
a condition in which the patients inherits a tendency to form lots of polyps in the bowel
what oral manifestations arise from the condition Peutz-Jehgers Syndrome?
many freckles on and around the mouth area
what oral manifestations occur from Cowden’s syndrome?
many mouth lesions (hamartomas)
what is the staging classification system called for colonic cancer? what does this determine?
- Dukes’ Classification
- determines % chance of surviving for 5 years
if colonic cancer is present in the submucosa layer, what classification is this?
Dukes’ A (80%)
if colonic cancer has spread to the muscularis layer, what stage is this?
Dukes’ B (65%)
if colonic cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, what classification is this?
Dukes’ C (45%)
if colonic cancer has spread to the liver, what classification is this?
Dukes’ D (5%)
what treatment options are there for patients suffering with colonic carcinoma?
- surgery
- hepatic metastases
- radiotherapy
- chemotherapy
