Botanicals (31-60) Flashcards
Rubus idaeus - leaf/root
A: facilitates labor, uterine tonic and astringent
I: diarrhea, preparing for labor
SE/T: None
CI: total diarrhea suppression
Intx: tannins = reduced absorption
*take away from drugs
Rumex crispus - root
A: bitter digestive stimulant, protects liver
I: all dz that need GI stimulation after serious ddx R/O
SE/T: None
CI: active PUD, gastritis, hyperchlohydria, GERD, obstruction, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis
Intx: increased gut motility = decreased absorption
Salix spp. - bark
A: anodyne, modulates inflam, anti-fever, anti-rheum, analgesic
I: pain, UTI, fever, myalgias, OA/RA, S/S
SE/T: contains salicylates = GI irritation
CI: childhood viral exanthems, long-term usage, salicylate sensitivity, G6PD
Lactation
Intx: anticoagulants and antiplatelets
Theobroma cacao - fruit
A/I: stimulant, vasodilates, SM relaxant = bronchial muscle relaxant
SE/T: None
CI: Heart disease?
Intx: decreases iron absorption, MAOs, quinoline antibotics, OCPs - inhibit caffeine metabolism
Thuji occidentalia - leaf
A: immunomodulating and anti-HPV
I: warts, pharngitis and tonsilitis
SE/T: None at therapeutic dosages
high dosages of thujone: convulsions, hallucinations, nightmares, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, fatty liver
VO contains thujone = neurotoxic and carcinogenic = AVOID
CI: None at therapeutic dosages
Intx: None
Thymus vulgaris - leaf
A: anti-microbial/H pylori/worm
I: all fungal, bacterial, parasitic infection
can also help with OA, RA, S/S when applied topically
SE/T: high doses of VO = neurotoxic and lethal
CI: high doses of VO
Intx: None
Sambucus nigra - fruit
A: antiviral/oxidant/catarrhal
I: influenza, URTI
SE/T: diarrhea
CI: None
Intx: None
Sanguinaria canadensis - root
A: stimulating expectorant and escharotic (topical)
I: oral rinses: gingivitis
*wet cough
*cervical dysplasia, BCC or SCC (early)
SE/T: many: arrhythmias, shock, coma, potentially lethal if OD if internal usage
topical: skin necrosis, nerve damage, oral leukoplakia
*a mitochondrial poison = severely toxic (internal) = painful tissue destruction (topical)
CI: dry cough, infants
P/L
Intx: None
Schisandra chinensis - fruit
A: protects liver and tones nervous system, deeply immune activation
I: chronic hepatitis and liver damage, fatigue, stress/debility
SE/T: None
CI: Pregnancy but can use to assist in birth process
Intx: potentiates barbiturates, enhances drug clearance by liver
Scutellaria baicalensis - root
A: anti-allergy, AI, AO
I: asthma, hayfever, dermatitis, acute infx
SE/T: None
CI: 1st trimester of pregnancy
Intx: cyclosporines
scutellaria lateriflora - leaf
A: hypnotic, anxiolytic, anodyne, nervine
I: insomnia, anxiety, pain
SE/T: None
CI: None
Intx: None
Selenicereus grandiflorus - stem/flower
A: anti-arrythmia
I: CHF, arrythmia, palpitations
SE/T: none at therapeutic doses - LOW DOSE HERB - OD = arrhythmias, confusion, tachycardia
CI: P/L
Intx: None
Serenoa repens - fruit
A/I: inhibits testosterone activity so works on prostate for BPH
SE/T: None
CI: None
Intx: None
Hypericum perforatum - leaf/flower
A: antidepressant, anticancer, antibug, nervine
I: depression, cancer, enveloped viruses, sciatica, neuralgia
SE/T: photosensitive skin
CI: high doses with strong UV light exposure
Intx: reduces serum levels of many drugs = anti HPV protease inhibitors, cyclosporines, digoxin, morphine, OCP, statins, TCAs, theophylline, warfarin
can potentiate serotonin syndrome if taken with SSRI
Salvia officinalis - leaf
A: antimicrobial and anti-secretory
I: menopausal hot flashes/sweats, infx
SE/T: internal OD = neurotoxic and/or death
CI: Lactation unless you want to dry up milk, and high doses of VO
Intx: None
Sambucus nigra - flower
A: diaphoretic, modulates inflammation, anti-allergy
I: fever, allergic conjunctivitis and other itis of the EENT pathway
SE/T: None
CI: high fever
Intx: None
Silybum marianum - seed
A: protects and restores the liver and also improves bile quality
I: hepatitis/cirrhosis/fatty liver
SE/T: None
CI: None
Intx: None
Smilax spp. - root
A: anti-rheumatic, diaphoretic, AI
I: chronic skin inflam conditions, OA/RA
SE/T: increased absorption of digitalis glycosides
CI: GERD
Intx: None
Solidago spp. - aerial
A: anti-catarrhal, AI, AM, astringent, diaphoretic
I: URTI with catarrh, flu, dyspepsia, urinary irritation/nflam and topical wound healing
SE/T: None
CI: allergy to Asteraceae family
Intx: None
Symphytum officinale - leaf/root
A: demulcent and expectorant with vulnerary abilities
I (topical): wounds, dermatitis, fractures of osteum
I (internal): dry cough, inflammation, UTIs
SE/T: HVOD = hepatis fibrosis = liver failure - contains unsaturated PA’s = irreversible liver and kidney damage
HVOD = intrahepatic post-sinusoidal portal hypertension caused by stenosis or occlusion of veins, including the central veins of hepatic lobules and the sublobular veins
CI: wet cough, massive areas of broken skin, internal usage = HVOD
extreme caution with P/L/kids but topical usage ok with these people
Intx: toxicity may increase with hepatotoxic drugs
Tanacetum parthenium - leaf
A/I: modulates inflam and anti-migraine
SE/T: None
CI: Pregnancy
Intx: None
Tanacetum vulgare - flower
A: abortifacient and fetoxocic and antiparasitic (intestinal)
SE/T: convulsions, arrythmias, rigid pupils, uterine bleeding, tachypnea, LOC
***Abortifacient, fetotoxic, carcinogenic - thujone and camphor in VO
CI: pregnancy, V/O and long-term - LOW-DOSE HERB
Intx: None
Taraxacum officinale - leaf
A:bitter digestive stimulant, diuretic, ant-hpv
I: all things that require GI stimulation
*UTI, edema
*warts
SE/T: None
CI: active PUD, gastritis, hyperchlohydria, GERD, obstruction, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis
Intx: increased gut motility = decreased absorption
Taraxacum officinale - root
A: bitter digestive stimulant, protects liver
I: all things that require GI stimulation
SE/T: None
CI: active PUD, gastritis, hyperchlohydria, GERD, obstruction, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis
Intx: increased gut motility = decreased absorption
Tilia europaea - flower/leaf/dried sapwood
A: diaphoretic, vasodilates, spasmolytic, nervine
I (internal): restless, HA, URTI with catarrh, HTN
I (external): enema for anxiety, HTN, RA, dermatitis
SE/T: urticaria (external usage) and allergic rhinitis
CI: None
Intx: decreases iron absorption
Tribulus terrestris - aerial
A: indirectly estrogenic in females and androgenic in men, tonic
I: infertility, importance, decreased libido, fatigue
SE/T: None
CI: P/L, GERD and cholestasis
Intx: None
Trifolium pratense - flower
A: phytoestrogen, nervine
I: hyper/hypoestrogen conditions and menopause
SE/T: None
CI: none
Intx: None
Tussilago farfara - leaf/root
A: demulcent, expectorant, anti-catarrhal, promotes wound healing
I: wounds, dermatitis, dry cough, inflamm
**has unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids so topical usage is safe but can absorb into skin
SE/T: hepatotoxic with chronic usage because unsaturated PAs
CI: wet cough, massive areas of broken skin, internal usage = HVOD
extreme caution with P/L/kids but topical usage ok with these people
Intx: None
Ulmus rubra - bark
A: GI/lungs/urinary demulcent
I: gastritis, PUD, IC, UTI, etc.
SE/T: None
CI: wet cough
*avoid herbs because dutch elm disease on species and can kill trees - use althaea or other tx options
Intx: PA can reduce absorption of drugs if taken simultaneously
Urtica dioica - leaf/seed
A: diuretic, modulates inflammation
I (topical): OA, RA
I (internal): lower UTI, urolithiasis, AR, eczema, OP
SE/T: stings from fresh leaves topically
CI: None
Intx: None
