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Jessica: NPLEX 2 Botanicals > Botanicals (130-162) > Flashcards

Botanicals (130-162) Flashcards

1
Q

Chelidonium majus - leaf

A

A: choleretic and cholagogue

I: biliary insufficiency and prevents gallstones

SE/T: None

CI: biliary obstruction, hepatic failure, acute diarrhea, acute cholithiasis, acute hepatitis, acute cholecystitis

P/L

Dried plant: only fresh is active

Intx: None

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2
Q

Chionanthus virginicus - bark

A

A: cholagogue, laxative, anti-emetic

I: liver and GB dysfunction, biliary insufficiency, GB stones, constipation

SE/T: None

CI: biliary obstruction

Intx: None

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3
Q

Cineraria maritima - leaf

A

A/I: anti-cataract if applied topically ONLY

SE/T: hepatotoxic if internal usage

CI: internal usage d/t pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Intx: avoid with other hepatotoxic drugs

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4
Q

Cinnamomum zeylanicum - bark

A

A: aromatic digestive stimulant, anti-diabetic, styptic

I: GI stimulation, hemorrhage, menorrhagic, metrorrhagic, diarrhea (tannins)

SE/T: high dosages of VO = convulsions, pulmonary edema, liver damage

**tannins can interfere with absorption of herbs and meds - TAKE APART

CI: gastritis, hyperchlohydria, GERD, obstruction, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis

Intx: tannins may reduce absorption so avoid in combo

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5
Q

Coleus forskihlii - root

A

A/I: HTN, allergies, asthma, hypothyroidism, glaucoma, dilated cardiomyopathy (activates adenylate cyclase)

SE/T: None

CI: caution with active PUD

Intx: may potentiate warfarin and digoxin

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6
Q

Commiphora molmol - resin

A

A: AM, AO

I: infectious vaginitis and other infx

SE/T: None

CI: None

Intx: May interfere with absorption of lipophilic drugs

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7
Q

Commiphora mukul - gum/resin

A

A: hypolipidemic

I: elevated LDL, hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism

SE/T: None

CI: IBD, hyperthyroidism, coagulation d/t, P/L

Intx: propranolol and diltiazem

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8
Q

Convallaria majalis - leaf

A

A: positive inotropic, negative chronotropic, vasoconstricts
*milder than digitalis

I: CHF and arrhythmias

SE/T: yellow-green halos, bradycardia, arrythmias but generally no SE at therapeutic dosages

OD = wider therapeutic window than digitalis but OD can still be lethal

antidote: potassium

CI: hypokalemia/magnesemia, hyper or hypocalcemia, ventricular arrhythmias, kidney failure, severe carditis

P/L

Intx: Many - just avoid altogether

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9
Q

Cordyceps sinensis - caps/mycelium

A

A: bronchodilators, anticancer, antibiotic

I: acute infx, anemia, protects bone marrow, fatigue, asthma

SE/T: None

CI: None

Intx: None

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10
Q

Corydalis spp. - rhizome

A

A: STRONG analgesic, hypnotic, sedative

I: pain management because works on CNS (dysmenorrhea)
* protects against ulcers forming from aspirin

SE/T: None

CI: Pregnancy

Intx: Potientiates barbiturates

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11
Q

Crataegus spp. - leaf/flower/fruit

A

A: anti-atherosclerotic, antiHTN, positive inotropic, negative chronotropic

I: CHF, angina, arrhtyhmia, capillary fragility, HTN (mild)

SE/T: None

CI: none

Intx: tannins may reduce absorption of drugs so avoid taking together

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12
Q

Curcuma longa - rhizome

A

A: protects liver and modulates inflammation

I: prevents gallstones, hepatitis, cancer, IBS
*any inflammatory conditions

SE/T: None

CI: none

Intx: None

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13
Q

Cynara scolymus - leaf

A

A/I: hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia, and any dz that needs digestive stimulation

SE/T: None

CI: active PUD, gastritis, hyperchlohydria, GERD, obstruction, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis

Intx: increased gut motility = decreased absorption of drugs

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14
Q

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - leaf

A

A: urinary anti-septic

I: bacterial lower UTI

SE/T: Uva ursi + cranberry + vitamin C = CI

avoid chronic usage beacuse can be toxic and OD = delirium, convulsions, collapse, death

CI: Pregnancy and usage for more than 10 days

Intx: None

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15
Q

arnica montana - flower

A

A: vulnerary and anodyne

I: topical: bruises, S/S, small wounds and ulcers

SE/T: NS issues, tachy/bradycardia, HTN, dyspnea, collapse, death, cardiac damage - if internal

CI: large areas of broken skin, internal usage of large doses

P/L

Intx: None

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16
Q

Artemisia absinthum - leaf

A

A: bitter, carminative, antibug and worm, antidepressant

I: use if need GI stimulation, depression, and worms

SE/T: abortion, severe diarrhea, urinary retention, stupor, convulsions, paralysis, death from VO

CI: internal large doses due to thujone, active peptic ulcers, gastritis, hypochlor, GERD, obstruction, etc.

Intx: None

17
Q

Artemisia annua - leaf

A

A: antiparasitic and anticancer

I: malaria, parasites, cancer

SE/T: generally safe but high dosages of VO = neurotoxic

CI: None

Intx: None

18
Q

Artemisia vulgaria - leaf

A

A: bitter, stimulant, nervine

I: depression, amenorrhea, and any GI dz that needs stimulation

SE/T: None but has thujone as VO

CI: active PUD, gastritis, hyperchlohydria, GERD, obstruction, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis, hepatitis, cholecystitis

P/L

Allergy to Asteraceae family

Intx: None

19
Q

Asclepias tuberosa - root

A

A/I: infx and congestion of upper respiratory tract

SE/T: None

CI: Pregnancy

Intx: Cardiac glycosides in herb potentiate activity of cardiac glycosides in other plants

20
Q

Aspidosperma quebracho - bark

A

A/I: stimulating expectorant for a WET cough

SE/T: high dose = N/V

CI: dry cough

P/L/infants

Intx: None

21
Q

Astragalus membranaceus - root

A

A: modulates immune system

I: infections in general, cancer, AI dz

SE/T: None

CI: may exacerbate AI dz

Intx: None

22
Q

Atropa belladonna - leaf/root

A

A/I: spasmolytic for all SM spasms

anodyne for pain, PMS, dysmenorrhea

secretolytic: esophageal reflux, PUD, hyperchlorhydria

Other: PD, tremors

SE/T: mydriasis, tachycardia, hyperventilation, confusion, hallucinations, dysphagia, coma, death

SHORT TERM AND LOW DOSE

CI: BPH or other causes of urinary retention, tachycardia, arrhythmias, closed-angel glaucoma, pulmonary edema, GI stenosis, megacolon

P/L/Kids

Intx: potentiates anticholinergics - TCAs, amantadine, quindine, phenothiazine, antipsychotics

antagonizes cisapride

23
Q

Avena sativa - seed

A

A: anxiolytic, nervine, very nutritions and hypolipidemia

I: anxiety, high lipids, OP

SE/T: None

CI: None

Intx: None

24
Q

Bacopa monierri - aerial

A

A: nootropic, nervine, and neutroprotective, thyroid stimulating

I: memory, concentration, ADHD, Alzheimers, hypothyroidism

SE/T: None

CI: Saponins can aggrevate GERD

Intx: phenytoin - may decrease mental fog when taken together

25
Q

Baptisia tinctoria - root

A

A/I: infections ingeneral

SE/T: tachypnea, tachycardia, respiratory paralysis

CI: long-term and high dosage

P/L

Intx: None

26
Q

Berberis aquifolium - root

A

A: bitter digestive stimulant

I: modulates inflam for skin dz and acne
infx - any

SE/T: None

CI: active PUD, gastritis, hyperchlohydria, GERD, obstruction, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis, hepatitis, cholecystitis

P/L

Intx: increased gut motility = decreased absorption

27
Q

Berberis vulgaris - root

A

A: AM, cholagogue, choleretic, antiparasitic, bitter tonic

I: dz that needs GI stimulation
*H pylori infx and other infx
*hepatitis, liver dz

SE/T: None

CI: active PUD, gastritis, hyperchlohydria, GERD, obstruction, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis, hepatitis, cholecystitis, dz with hyperbilirubin

P/L

Intx: potentiates barbiturates

28
Q

Boswellia serrata - resin

A

A: modulates inflammation

I: asthma, UC, OA, RA, etc.

SE/T: None

CI: None

Intx: None

29
Q

Bryonia spp. - root

A

A: anodyne, sedative, modulates immunity

I: pain, pleurisy, infx, ovarian cysts

SE/T: weak pulse, hypothermia, pupil dilation, delirium/dizziness

CI: P/L

Intx: None

30
Q

Calendula officinalis - flower

A

A/I: dermatitis, wounds, skin ulcers, prostatitis, gingivitis

SE/T: None

CI: none

Intx: None

31
Q

Camellia sinensis - leaf

A

A: anti-tumor, AM, stimulant, diuretic, anti-obesity

I: prevents cancer, infx, weight loss, GI stimulation with black tea

SE/T: insomnia, tremors, aggitation d/t caffeine, hepatitis

CI: Children, beriberi, thiamine deficiency

Pregnancy

Intx: reduces iron absorption (add lemon to tea to counter act this)

warfarin, MAOIS, adenosine, clozapine, barbiturates, benzos, Beta blockers, lithium, aspirin, OCPs, phenytoin, MTX

32
Q

Cannabis sativa - aerial/seeds

A

A: Analgesic, sedative, anti-emetic, hypotensive

I: cancer, HTN, pain management, anxiety, depression, neuropathy, glaucoma, N/V

SE/T: paranoia, anxiety, panic, decreased LH/FSH, infertility, impaired judgment, diminished REM sleep

CI: may decrease sex hormones, FHx schizophrenia, prolonged inhalation, driving within 8 hours

P/L

Intx: potentiates alcohol, opiates, barbiturates

33
Q

Capsella bursa-pastoris - leaf

A

A: styptic

I: bleeding d/o

SE/T: None

CI: major bleeding cause its not effective

Intx: may interfere with anticoagulants

Jessica: NPLEX 2 Botanicals (7 decks)

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