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Jessica: NPLEX 2 Botanicals > Botanicals (1-30) > Flashcards

Botanicals (1-30) Flashcards

1
Q

Achillea millefolium - yarrow

A

A: bitter digestive stimulant
- styptic
- vulnerary
- diaphoretic

I: wounds, ulcers, AUB, stimulates digestive everything

SE/T: Mild - nausea

CI: active ulcers, gastritis, hyPERchlorhydria, GERD, obstruction, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis, high fever

Intx: increased gut motility = decreased absorption

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2
Q

Aconite nappelus - root

A

A: anodyne, antineuralgic

I: pain, TG neuralgia

SE/T: N/V, miosis, hypotension, chest pain, v.fib, dyspnea

highly toxic with internal usage, OD = lethal

*narrow therapeutic window = LOW DOSE HERB

CI: P/L

Intx: None

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3
Q

Actea (Cimicifuga) racemosa - root

A

A: tones uterus, serotoneric, facilitates labor, spasmolytic, nervine, anti-rheum

I: menstrual issues (dysmenorrhea, PMS), fertility issues, OA, RA, depression

SE/T: Rare - extreme OD = severe sx

CI: early pregnancy

Intx: None

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4
Q

Aesculus hippocastanum - fruit

A

A: venotonic, modulates inflammation

I: bruises (topical), edems, veins issues, fragile capillaries - varicose veins, etc

SE/T: nausea and unprocessed fruit is highly toxic, IM = hepatitis and renal failure

CI: high doses

Intx: None

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5
Q

Allium cepa and saticum - bulb

A

A: anti-atherosclerotic, decreases lipids, antiplatelet, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti - H.pylori/worms

I: hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia, stroke prevention, angina, DM,
*worms/parasites/bugs, dermatophytosis, onchymycosis, warts, infectious vaginitis, OM

SE/T: bad breath and body odor, bleeding at excess dosages

**toxicity due to antiplatelet activity

CI: bleeding diathesis, with concomitant anticoagulants, thyroid dz, garlic allergy

Intx: potentiates antiplatelets and insulin and hypoglycemics

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6
Q

Aloe vera - gel

A

A: modulates inflammation/immuno, vulnerary and demulcent

I (topical): burns, skin ulcers, wounds
I (internal): gastritis, IBD, PUD, IC

SE/T: Safe

CI: 3rd degree burns, deep and infected wounds

Intx: None

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7
Q

Aloe vera - latex

A

A: directly stimulates bowel movements

I: short term usage for atonic constipation when other serious ddx are ruled out

SE/T: internal = abdominal cramps and colic, harmless red urine and feces

Pseudomelanosis coli

toxicity can occur if over 10 days, recurrent usage can cause electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, muscle and kidney destruction with hematuria and albumineria

Can also provoke reflex contraction in uterus if taking when pregnant which can lead to miscarriage

CI: more than 10 days, bulimia, obstruction, spastic constipation, abdominal pain of unknown origin, less than 12 yo

P/L

Intx: dramatic reduction in TT = interfering with absorption of many drugs

*dont combine with drugs that cause hypokalemia or have SE in one sitting

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8
Q

Althaea officinalis - leaf/root

A

A: GI/lungs/Urinary demulcent

I: gastritis, PUD, IC, lower UTI, cough, bronchitis, etc

SE/T: None

CI: wet cough

Intx: None

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9
Q

Angelica sinensis - root

A

A: uterine tonic and can cause antiplatelet effects

I: amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, hyper AND hypoestrogen, menopause, PMS, etc.

SE/T: safe but antiplatelet effects can occur

CI: menorrhagia, bleeding d/o

Inx: caution with anticoagulants

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10
Q

Arctium lappa - root

A

A: bitter digestive stimulant and protects the liver

I: all conditions to speed up GI digestion

SE/T: Safe

CI: active ulcers, gastritis, hyPERchlorhydria, GERD, obstruction, acute diarrhea, acute cholelithiasis, high fever

Intx: increased gut motility = decreased absorption

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11
Q

Withania somnifera - root

A

A: modulates immunity and is relaxing

I: aphrodisiac - stress, infc, AI dz, anxiety

SE/T: None

CI: Pregnancy and may worsen AI dz

Intx: may interfere with immunosuppresive drugs

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12
Q

Valerian officinalis - root

A

A: hypnotic, anxiolytic, nervine, anodyne

I: SM spasms, insomnia, anxiety

SE/T: Daytime sedation

CI: None

Intx: None

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13
Q

Veratrum viride and album - root

A

A: anti-hypertension

I: HTN - NO LONGER USED CAUSE TOOOOOOO TOXIC and very narrow therapeutic window

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14
Q

Passiflora incarnata - leaf

A

A: hypnotic, anxiolytic, nervine

I: insomnia, anxiety

SE/T: few cases of pancreatitis

CI: None

Intx: None

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15
Q

Pausinystalia yohimbe - bark

A

A: alpha 2 - adrenergic antagonist

I: ED, depression, narcolepsy

SE/T: induction of insomnia, anxiety, HTN, nervousness, dizziness

  • CNS effects of alpha blockers (anxiety)

CI: because is anxiogenic - panic attacks, PTSD, CAD, severe edema, PUD, renal dz

P/L

Intx: could interfere with alpha adrenergic agonist drugs and phenytoin (anticonvulsant)

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16
Q

Phytolacca americana - root

A

A: lympathic tonic and anti-rheumatic

I: lymphadenopathy, cysts, mastitis, myalgia, OA, RA

SE/T: None at therapeutic dosages but lectins can cause systemic toxicity

CI: P/L

*ok for short term mastitis
*LOW DOSE HERB

Intx: None

17
Q

Piper methysticum - root

A

A: anxiolytic, anodyne, nervine, spasmolytic

I: anxiety, IC

SE/T: None usually but discontinue if you see signs of liver damage

CI: combo with anti-psychotic meds and long-term usage of high dosage

Intx: None

18
Q

Piscidia erythrina - bark

A

A: anodyne, spasmolytic, sedative, nervine

I: myalgia, neuralgia, HA, insomnia

SE/T: Overdose can cause depressed consciousness, convulsions, respiratory depression, HR and death - LOW DOSE HERB

CI: Pregnancy

Intx: None

19
Q

Plantago spp. - leaf

A

C: GI/lung/urinary demulcent and vulnerary

I: gastritis, PUD, IC, lower UTI, etc.
*dermatitis, wounds, skin ulcers

SE/T: None

CI: Wet Cough

Intx: PA interfere with absorption of drugs simultaneously

20
Q

Podophyllum peltatum - root

A

A: anti-cancer, anti-HPV, cholagogue

I: cancer and warts

SE: extremely toxic if crude herb - no longer used clinically as crude herb. internal OD - tachycardia, hypotension, unconsciousness, death

CI: fresh root, internal usage, P - teratogenic and fetocidal/L

Intx: None

21
Q

Prunus serotina - bark

A

A/I: relaxing expectorant for spasmodic cough

SE/T: None

CI: None

Intx: None

22
Q

Prunus africanum - bark

A

A/I: inhibits 5a reductase so will correct the prostate in BPH

safe but environmentally threatened so use serenoa instead

SE/T: None

Intx: None

23
Q

Pulsatilla vulgaris - leaf/flower

A

A: anodyne (painkiller), sedative, nervine

I: menstrual stuff: PMS, Pain, cramps
*insomnia b/c sedative herb

SE/T: serious SE: arrthymias, hypothermia, paralysis, convulsion, stupor

CI: P/L

Intx: None

24
Q

Quercus spp - bark

A

A: astringent, styptic, AI, antiseptic

I (internal): IBD, diarrhea, dysentery
I (external): varicosities, fissures, wounds, vaginal prolapse, post partum uterine bleeding

SE: avoid internal high dosage and long-term

  • iron deficiency anemial and malabsorption

CI: HF, large area of skin damage, full baths

Intx: may reduce GI absorption drugs

25
Q

Rauwolfia serpentina - root

A

A: depletes catecholamine vesicles in CNS = systemic VASODILATION, anti-psychotic, antiarrythmic

I: HTN

SE/T: Therapeutic dosages: stuffy nose, loose stool, edema

Toxic dosages: bradycardia, depression, parkinsons, drowsiness d/t severe catecholamine depression - LOW DOSE HERB

CI: depression, PD, hyperPRL, active PUD, UC

Pregnancy (can use when essential)

Intx: thiazide diuretics, MAOIs, TCA, adrenergic agonists

if taken with digoxin or quinidine = may cause arrthymias

26
Q

Rhamnus frangula - bark

A

A: directly stimulates BM

I: short-term usage for atonic constipation when no other shit works

SE/T: internal = abdominal cramps and colic, harmless red urine and feces

Pseudomelanosis coli

toxicity can occur if over 10 days, recurrent usage can cause electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, muscle and kidney destruction with hematuria and albumineria

Can also provoke reflex contraction in uterus if taking when pregnant which can lead to miscarriage

CI: use less than 10 days, bulimia, obstruction, undx ab pain, kids under 12 yo

Intx: decreased TT = changes of absorption

*avoid taking with drugs that cause hypokalemia or have SE at same time

P and L(?)

27
Q

Rhodiola rosea - herb

A

A: adaptogen, antidepressant

I: stress, decreased immune system, cancer, depression

SE/T: None

CI: None

Intx: immunosuppressive agents

28
Q

Ricinus communis - topical oil

A

A: anodyne, modulates inflam, stimulates labor

I: menstrual pain, stimulates labor if placed on the os

SE/T: None

CI: application over broken skin

Intx: None

29
Q

Ricinus communis - internal oil

A

A: directly stimulates BM, emetic and facilitates labor

I: short term usage of atonic constipation, post-date labor

SE/T: internal = abdominal cramps and colic, harmless red urine and feces

Pseudomelanosis coli

toxicity can occur if over 10 days, recurrent usage can cause electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, muscle and kidney destruction with hematuria and albumineria

Can also provoke reflex contraction in uterus if taking when pregnant which can lead to miscarriage

CI: use less than 10 days, bulimia, obstruction, undx ab pain, kids under 12 yo

Intx: decreased TT = changes of absorption

*Avoid taking drugs that cause hypokalemia or have SE at the same time - cardiac glycosides, diuretics, antiarrhythmics, corticosteroids

30
Q

Rosmarinus officinalis - leaf

A

A: antimicrobial, stimulates circulation, nootropic, counterirritant if topical

I: hypotension, poor memory, dementia, URTI, bronchitis, liver detoxification
*topical: myalgia, arthalgis, S/S

SE/T: Internal OD of VO can cause neurotoxicity and even death

CI: Pregnancy - internally (volatile oil)

Intx: None

Jessica: NPLEX 2 Botanicals (7 decks)

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