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French Wine Scholar > Bordeaux > Flashcards

Bordeaux Flashcards

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1
Q

T/F Bdx produces more AOC wine than anywhere else in France?

A

T

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2
Q

Chateau Ausone is named for who?

A

Bdx native Ausonius

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3
Q

What/when was Battle of Castillon?

A

1453; French expelled English and reclaimed Bdx

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4
Q

When did the Dutch drain the Médoc?

A

1600s

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5
Q

What house started the Châteaux tradition?

A

Haut Brion

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6
Q

Who requested a ranking of Bdx top château for the World Fair in Paris?

A

Napoleon III

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7
Q

When did powdery mildew arrive?

A

1852

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8
Q

What is odium?

A

Powdery mildew. Reduces yields, retards pigment development, stunts cluster growth

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9
Q

When did phylloxera come to Bdx?

A

1865

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10
Q

What is peronospera?

A

Downy mildew. A fungal disease that germinates in warm, humid weather. Vines loose leaves and delay ripening

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11
Q

When did peronospera come to Bdx?

A

1880 (Downy mildew)

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12
Q

When did the “deep freeze” happen?

A
  1. Killing 1/4 of vines in Bdx
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13
Q

Who is Emile Peynaud?

A

Uni of Bdx professor, encouraged vignerons to use young fruit in “2nd wines”

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14
Q

How much rain does Bdx get on average yearlY?

A

37 inches

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15
Q

What ocean stream warms and regulates temperatures?

A

Gulf Stream

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16
Q

What is the largest man-made forest in Europe?

A

Les Landes

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17
Q

What 2 important rivers flow into the Gironde Estuary?

A

Dordogne and Garonne

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18
Q

What cause 1/3 of Malbec acreage to be replanted to Merlot?

A

Freeze of 1956

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19
Q

What are the warm soils in Bdx?

A

Gravel (firmly structured) and sand (fruit forward)

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20
Q

What are the cold soils in Bdx?

A

Clay (prune, English walnut), limestone (pronounced acidity, polished tannins)

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21
Q

Gravel is better for what Bdx grapes?

A

CS, PV

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22
Q

Limestone is better for what Bdx grapes?

A

ML, CF

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23
Q

The Gironde is tidal up to how many miles inland?

A

75 miles

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24
Q

Semillon accounts for what percent of white plantings?

A

49%

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25
Q

SB accounts for what percent of white plantings?

A

43%

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26
Q

Muscadelle accounts for what percent of white plantings?

A

6%

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27
Q

Merlot is what percent of red plantings?

A

65%

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28
Q

CS is what percent of red plantings?

A

23%

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29
Q

CF is what percent of red plantings?

A

10%

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30
Q

Petite Verdot prefers what kind of soils?

A

Gravel and sand

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31
Q

Bdx molleaux has what level of sugar?

A

12-45 g/l

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32
Q

Bdx liquoreaux has what level of sugar?

A

45+ g/l

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33
Q

What are the lightly pigmented wines produced in Bdx?

A

Rose and claret

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34
Q

How is clairet produced?

A

Short maceration

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35
Q

How is Bdx rosé produced?

A

Typically saignee

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36
Q

What is the futures market?

A

Wine is pre-sold while still in barrel

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37
Q

What are tranches?

A

Stages that Bdx wines are pre sold in

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38
Q

How many co-ops are in Bdx?

A

36

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39
Q

Co-ops bottle how much of Bdx harvest every year?

A

25%

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40
Q

T/F Chemical analysis and blind tasting is mandatory for all Bdx AOC wines?

A

T

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41
Q

What regional AOCs in Bdx may use fruit from anywhere within BDX?

A

Bordeaux, Bordeaux Supérieur, Crémant de Bordeaux, Clairet, Rosé

42
Q

Bdx vs. Bdx Supérieur

A

Bdx Sup.: smaller max yields, higher min abv. Red aged min 9 months. White must be semi-sweet or Molleaux

43
Q

T/F You can produce dry white Bdx Supérieur

A

F

44
Q

What percent of Bdx production is bottled as Bdx or Bdx Supérieur?

A

50%

45
Q

How many AOCs in the Médoc peninsula?

A

9

46
Q

What are the sub-regional AOCs of Médoc peninsula?

A

Médoc, Haut Médoc

47
Q

What are the communal AOCs of the Médoc peninsula?

A

St. Estephe, Pauillac, St. Julien, Margaux, Moulis en Médoc, Listrac-Médoc

48
Q

St. Estèphe wine style

A

Traditionally very structured wines with tough tannins. Need cellaring. ML makes blend more approachable upon release

49
Q

Pauillac wine style

A

Signature core of dusty cocoa like tannins. Structure and power

50
Q

Saint Julien wine style

A

Most “Californian” AOC. Chocolate covered cherry fruit

51
Q

Margaux wine style

A

Perfumed and feminine

52
Q

What is the highest elevation AOC on Médoc Peninsula?

A

Listrac-Médoc

53
Q

What is 2/3 of production in Graves?

A

Red

54
Q

T/F Graves makes only dry whites?

A

F. Dry and sweet whites

55
Q

How many AOCs are in Graves?

A

6

56
Q

What are the sub-regional AOCs of Graves?

A

Graves AOC (red and white), Graves Supéfieures (semi-sweet)

57
Q

What are the communal AOCs of Graves?

A

Pessac-Léognan, Cérons, Barsac, Sauternes

58
Q

What river creates fog that engenders botrytis?

A

Ciron

59
Q

What are the communes of Sauternes?

A

Sauternes, Fargues, Barsac, Bommes, Preignac, Barsac

60
Q

What commune in AOC Sauternes may use its own communal AOC?

A

Barsac

61
Q

Can Barsac create dry wines?

A

Y. Red/white as Bdx or Bdx Supérieur

62
Q

What are the soils of Cérons?

A

Gravel and gravel sands

63
Q

What wines can be bottled as Cérons?

A

Only sweet whites. Dry red/white labels as Graves, Bdx, Bdx Sup.

64
Q

What are the dry white only AOCs of Entre-Deux-Mers?

A

Entre-Deux-Mers AOC, Entre-Deux-Mers-Haut-Benage AOC

65
Q

What are the moelleux or semi-sweet AOCs of Entre-Deux-Mers?

A

Bdx Haut-Benauge, Premières Côtes de Bdx, Sainte-Foy-Bdx, Graves de Vayres, Graves de Vayres, Côtes de Bdx Saint-Macaire

66
Q

What are the sweet AOCs of Entre-Deux-Mers? (min 45 g/l rs)

A

Cadillac, Loupiac, Sainte-Croix-du-Mont, Côtes de Bdx Saint-Macaire

67
Q

What are the red wine AOCs of Entre-Deux-Mers?

A

Cadillac-Côtes de Bdx, Sainte-Foy-Bdx, Graes de Vayres

68
Q

What is the style of wine from The Libournais?

A

ML/CF dominate, silky texture, less powerful structure

69
Q

What are the soils of Fronsac and Canon Fronsac?

A

Clay and limestone

70
Q

What are the soils of Pomerol and Lalande-de-Pomerol?

A

Unique iron rich soils

71
Q

What Château in St. Emilion exhibit Pomerol character due to more iron-rich clay?

A

Château Figeac and Château Cheval Blanc

72
Q

What are the St. Emilion Satellites?

A

St-Georges-St. Emilion, Lussac-St. Emilion, Montagne-St. Emilion, Pusseguin-St. Emilion

73
Q

What is the soils of the Côtes?

A

Clay and limestone

74
Q

Where are the Côtes located in Bdx?

A

On the right bank, all facing west

75
Q

When was Côtes de Bordeaux established?

A

2008

76
Q

Côtes de Bdx joined what prior stand alone AOCs under one umbrella appellation?

A

Premières Côtes de Blaye, Bdx-Côte de Francs, Côtes de Castillon, Premières Côtes de Bdx

77
Q

Which Côtes allow red only?

A

Cadillac-Côtes de Bdx, Castillon-Côtes de Bdx

78
Q

Are Blaye-Côtes de Bdx whites SB or SM based?

A

SB

79
Q

Which Côtes allow sweet whites?

A

Francs-Côtes de Bdx (dry and sweet whites are Semillon dominant), Premières Côtes de Bdx

80
Q

Min sugar and abv for Premières Côtes de Bdx?

A

34 g/l RS, 11.5% abv

81
Q

Blaye AOC style?

A

Red only, min 50% ML

82
Q

Côtes de Blaye style?

A

Dry whites only, based on Colombard

83
Q

What are the wine styles of Bourg AOC and Côtes de Bourg AOC?

A

Dry red/white. ML and SB dominant

84
Q

1st Cru Bourgeois classification?

A

1932, 444 domains submitted. Never given official status

85
Q

2003 Cru Bourgeois Classification?

A

Médoc submit new system, 247 Ch rank as Cru Bourgeois. Rescinded in 2007

86
Q

When was the 2003 Cru Bourgeois Classification rescinded?

A

2007

87
Q

What is Cru Bourgeois today?

A

A member association; Alliance des Crus Bourgeois. Stricter production standards

88
Q

What is a Petit Chateau?

A

An unranked or unclassified property. All Cru Bourgeois are Petit Chateaux

89
Q

How many Cru Artisan are there?

A

50

90
Q

When was Cru Artisan established?

A

2006

91
Q

What are Cru Artisans?

A

Small (2.5-12.5 acre) estates that are entirely responsible for their own production process

92
Q

When was Graves Classification?

A

1959/1953

93
Q

What is the Graves Classification?

A

Ranked wines of 16 properties, all fall within Pessac-Léognan

94
Q

How are wines ranked in the graves Classification labeled?

A

Grand Cru Classé de Graves

95
Q

When was St. Emilion Classification?

A

1955

96
Q

How often is the St. Emilion Classification updated?

A

Every 10 years.

97
Q

How many properties were ranked in the 2012 St. Emilion Classification?

A

82

98
Q

How many Premiers Grand Cru Classés A Level?

A
  1. Cheval Blanc, Pavie, Angelus, Ausone
99
Q

How many Premiers Grands Crus Classés B Level?

A

14

100
Q

How many St. Emilion Grand Cru Classés?

A

64

101
Q

Is St. Emilion Grand Cru and AOC or a Classified growth?

A

An AOC

102
Q

Is St. Emilion Grand Cru Classé an AOC or a classified growth?

A

Classified growth

French Wine Scholar (13 decks)

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