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6th MELEAH Sur-Gur-RAYYY final lezzzz ace dis shit > Bone Screws plates and nails (Betance 3) > Flashcards

Bone Screws plates and nails (Betance 3) Flashcards

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1
Q

State the type of screw:

Fracture repair utilizing interfragmentary compression

A

Lag screw

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2
Q

State the type of screw:

Stabilizing a bone fragment without compression

A

Position screw

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3
Q

State the type of screw:

Fixing a splinting device to a bone (plate/nail)

A

Plate screw

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4
Q

State the screw that has a larger pitch and deeper thread used in these 2 areas of bone: _____ and ______. Cane be partial or fully threaded

A

Cancellous screw

metaphyseal or epiphyseal bone

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5
Q

State the screw that is FULLY threaded with a smaller pitch and shallow threads used in this area of bone: _____

A

Cortical screw

diaphyseal

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6
Q

What screw us used for lag application in diaphyseal bone and what category of screw it is?

A

Shaft screw

category: partially threaded cortical screw

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7
Q

Shaft screws avoid threads engaging this?

A

cis cortex

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8
Q

A _______ screw has a central _____ core and used in more difficult fractures.

___wire holds reduced fracture and acts a guide (screws placed over the wire)

A

Cannulated; hollow

K

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9
Q

What screw is used in locking compression plates? The screw head locks into a _____ _____

A

Locking head screw; plate hole

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10
Q

What do locking bone screws do better than non locking screws?

A

Provide better anchorage

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11
Q

This type of screw allows screw placement without pre drilling and tapping

A

Self tapping screw

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12
Q

This type of screw provides interfragmentary compression; where should the hole be drilled

A

Lag screw

equidistant from the fracture edges

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13
Q

For Lag screws, where should the hole be drilled in condylar fractures?

A

at a right angle to the fracture plane

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14
Q

Lag screw applic.:

A _____ hole is drilled in the FAR cortex corresponding to the ____ diameter of the screw

A

smaller hole; core diameter

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15
Q

Lag screw applic.:

A _____ hole is drilled in the NEAR cortex corresponding to the ____ diameter of the screw

A

larger hole; outer diameter

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16
Q

For lag screw application:

_____ or a _____ is used to increase contact between the bone and the screw head

A

countersinking; washer

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17
Q

What screw is used when placement of a lag screw will cause the bone fragment to collapse

A

position screw

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18
Q

For a position screw:

The ____ diameter hole is drilled in the near and far cortex

The drill hole is measured and tapped

The screw is misplaced and the position of the 2 fragments is _____

A

same

maintained

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19
Q

Rigid stainless steel or titanium strips that are fixed to the bone with bone screws.

Resist ____ forces

A

Bone plates; resist all forces

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20
Q

This plate is not as strong as a Dynamic compression plate (DCP) and has deep notches between the holes, allows contouring in an ____ ____

A

Reconstruction plate

additional plane

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21
Q

Reconstruction plates are used in areas that require ____ plate contouring such as the _____ or ____

A

complex; mandible or pelvis

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22
Q

What plates are weak, can be stacked, and provide NO COMPRESSION

These are versatile and cut to any length

A

Veterinary Cuttable Plates

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23
Q

These plates are used in referral procedures, can be contoured, and provide _____ at the acetabulum

A

Acetabular Plates

compression

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24
Q

This apparatus DOES NOT COMPRESS, provides limited contact, and is considered a locking plate

A

String of Pearls

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25
Q

The String of Pearls contours in ____ direction making it versatile and ____ screws are acceptable. Often combined with a ____

A

any; unicortical; rod

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26
Q

In terms of Bone plate placement; we place it on the ____ side of the bone because plates are likely to fail on the _____ side

A

tension; likely to fail on compression side

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27
Q

Bone plates convert _____ (_____) forces into _____ forced with _____ bearing

A

distracting (tension) forces into compression forced with weight bearing

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28
Q

State the side of the bone you place the bone plate on

  • Femur
  • Tibia
  • Humerus
  • Radial
A
  • Femur (lateral)
  • Tibia (medial)
  • Humerus (cranial, lateral, medial, caudal)
  • Radial (cranial)
29
Q

Sometimes you need to use a ___ plate where you use the original shape and curvature of the bone (prior to sx using rads or during sx with a bending template)

A

cointour

30
Q

Principles of bone plating:

Span the _____ of the bone is possible

Engage at least ___ cortices on each side of the fracture line

Screws at least ___ mm from fracture line

Do not place screws in ____ ____ unless a ___/___ screw

Fill ____ screw holes if possible, avoid plate holes over ____ _____

Avoid cortical____ and use ____ ____ if necessary

A

diaphysis

6

5mm

fracture line unless lag/position screw

ALL; fracture lines

defects; bone grafts if necessary

31
Q

What type of plate can be instituted when the same plate can be used as compression, neutralization,and bridge plating

A

Dynamic Compression Plate (DCP)

32
Q

This type of plate is used on transverse or nearly transverse fractues

A

Compression plate

33
Q

What’s unique about the fracture site with compression plates in terms of what it allows?

What must take place before the plate is applied

A

Allows compression at the fracture site!

plate must be shaped to the bone

34
Q

How is compression applied with a Compression plate?

A

Spherical gliding principle

35
Q

With usage of a Compression plate, compression occurs when using this type of screw?

A

eccentric loaded screw

36
Q

What happens to the compression plate before it is applied and why is this done?

A

it’s prestressed 1-2 mm at the fracture line to allow compression of the opposite cortex

37
Q

Neutralization plates are used on _____ or _____ fractures and applied via a ____ ____ ____

A

oblique or comminuted

neutral drill guide

38
Q

How are Neutralization plates anatomically reduced?

A

with use of lag screws or cerclage wires

39
Q

Neutralization plates protects the _____ compression achieved by the lag screw from ____, bending, or _____ forces

A

Neutralization plates protects the (interfragmentary) compression achieved by the lag screw from (rotation), bending, or (shearing) forces

40
Q

Bridging plates bridge _____ fractures?

A

diaphyseal

41
Q

For bridging plates:

The plate is secured to proximal and distal fracture fragments and spans the ____ part of the fracture

A

comminuted

42
Q

Bridging plates act as a _____ to maintain ____ and alignment of the bone

A

splint; length

43
Q

Bridging plate prevents _____ _____ as a result of shear or bending forces

A

axial deformity

44
Q

Does the bridging plate share load sharing?

A

NO load sharing; it carries the entire load

(duhh think of a bridge carrying the load of every car and the contents/people inside of it…nothing helps it share the load)

45
Q

Bridging plates:

often incorporates ____ ____ and commonly used as a ____-___ combo

A

bone grafts; plate-rod

46
Q

Limited contact dynamic compression plate does what to plate to bone contact??

What does it improve?

A

decreases

improves cortical perfusion

47
Q

Limited contact dynamic compression plate improves _____ _____?

A

cortical perfusion

48
Q

Limited contact dynamic compression plates reduces stress concentration at the ____ _____(state the location)

A

screw holes

49
Q

(state the missing forces for the fill in the blank)

Limited contact dynamic compression plate can be used for ______, neutralization, or _____functions

A

compression; bridging

50
Q

Locking compression plate is also termed _____ _____

A

internal fixator

51
Q

Locking compression plate eliminates the need for this?

A

eliminates need for perfect contouring

52
Q

Locking compression plate ____ contact between _____ and bone

A

limits; implant

53
Q

Locking compression plate has _____threads thus a ____ core diameter

A

smaller threads thus a larger core diameter

54
Q

What type of compression plate has a tapered tip for MIPO

A

Locking compression plate

55
Q

MIPO stands for?

A

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis

56
Q

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis does not require this?

A

plate to bone friction

57
Q

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis uses ____ plates and _____ along with fluoroscopy

A

locking plates and screws

58
Q

What type of incision do you make with Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis

A

keyhole

59
Q

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis uses _______ plate insertion

A

epiperiosteal

60
Q

Interlocking nail is a stainless steel nail placed within the ______ cavity and is LOCKED to the bone by screws that CROSS THE BONE and pass through holes in the nail

A

medullary

61
Q

Standard interlocking nails have ___ holes distal and ___ holes proximal

A

2 (for both)

62
Q

Interlocking nails have a _____ point on one end and 2 ____ with _____ threads on the other end

A

trochar point

2 flanges with internal threads

63
Q

In terms of equipment for interlocking nail:

A _____ is required that matches the size of the ____ which opens the medullary cavity without _____ the cortex.

An _____ piece is attached to the end of the nail to allow the nail to be _____ completely within the medullary cavity

A

REAMER; nail; damaging

extension; advanced

64
Q

In terms of equipment for interlocking nail:

A _____ tool that attaches to the extension device to drive the nail into the bone.

A ___ ____ with drill holes that align with the holes in the nail.

A ____ ____ ____ that protects the soft tissue

A

insertion

drill jig

drill guide sleeve (protects ST)

65
Q

What type of fractures are interlocking nails used for?

A

mid diaphyseal fractures of the humerus, femur, and tibia

66
Q

Interlocking nails MUST be placed ______

A

normograde

67
Q

Interlocking nails resist bending, _____, and _____ forces

A

shearing; rotational

68
Q

Interlocking nails can be applied ____ and are often used in _______ mode with little disturbance to fracture site

A

closed; bridging

6th MELEAH Sur-Gur-RAYYY final lezzzz ace dis shit (15 decks)

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