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HUMAN HISTO LAB > BONE AND MUSCLE > Flashcards

BONE AND MUSCLE Flashcards

1
Q

Grossly, bones are classified as ?

A

compact and spongy bone.

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2
Q

w/ medullary cavity (spaces

A

Spongy Bone

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3
Q

found at the external surface; doesn’t have cavity to remain to be hard and compact

A

compact bone

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4
Q

Contains the osteons

A

COMPACT (CORTICAL) BONE

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5
Q

Periosteum is made up of

A

dense irregular CT

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6
Q

functional unit of the bone

A

Osteons or Haversian System

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7
Q

▪ Channel found at the center of the osteon
▪ Forms the central axis of the osteon

A

CENTRAL CANAL

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8
Q

CENTRAL CANAL Contains

A

blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics

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9
Q

concentric layers of mineralized bone extracellular
matrix called

A

concentric lamellae

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10
Q

Small spaces between lamellae that contains the mature
bone cells called osteocytes

A

LACUNA / LACUNAE

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11
Q
  • Minute canals radiating from the lacuna
  • Provides avenues for exchange of metabolites between
    the cells and the nearest perivascular space
A

CANALICULI

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12
Q

Boundary of an osteon

A

CEMENT LINE

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13
Q

Scattered around the intact osteons are irregularly
shaped parallel lamellae called

A

INSTERSTITIAL LAMELLAE

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14
Q

Remains of old osteons destroyed by the osteoclast.

A

INSTERSTITIAL LAMELLAE

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15
Q

Not present on the spongy bone

A

Osteon (Haversian system)

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16
Q

making central canals connected to each other

A

Volkmann’s/ Perforating canals

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17
Q

forms the inner layer of all bones.

A

Spongy bone

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18
Q

spongey/cancellous bone is covered by

A

endosteum

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19
Q

endosteum is what type of epthelium

A

simple squamous epithelium

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20
Q

osteoblast trapped in the matrix that they secrete

A

osteocyte

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21
Q

cells that synthesize bone

A

osteoblast

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22
Q

bone cell that breaks down done tissue

A

osteoclast

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23
Q

osteoblasts are what shape of epithelium

A

cuboidal/columnar

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24
Q

Osteoblasts keep on depositing bone matrix until the bone matrix surround it to become?

A

osteocyte

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25
Q

osteoblast secrete

A

osteoid

26
Q

an unmineralized collagen-proteoglycan matrix that can bind calcium

A

osteoid

27
Q

Large, Motile, Multinucleated cells

A

OSTEOCLAST

28
Q

OSTEOCLAST Lies on the etched depression or crypts called

A

Howship Lacunae

29
Q

Under the control of the somatic nervous system

A

VOLUNTARY

30
Q

Skeletal

A

VOLUNTARY

31
Q

Contract in response to the control of autonomic
nervous system

A

INVOLUNTARY

32
Q

Cardiac and smooth muscle

A

INVOLUNTARY

33
Q

Presence of transverse or cross- striations known as
dark and light bands

A

STRIATED

34
Q

No cross-striations

A

NON- STRIATED

35
Q

Smooth muscle STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION

A

NON- STRIATED

36
Q

Skeletal and cardiac STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION

A

STRIATED

37
Q
  • Forms the main bulk of the body musculature
    *
A

SKELETAL MUSCLE

38
Q

Generally attached to the bone except for the intrinsic
muscles of the ______, upper _________ and_______ muscle
of the face.

A

tongue
esophagus
risorius

39
Q

Muscles are cylindrical in shape and non-branching

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE

40
Q

SKELETAL MUSCLE is ____________ located nuclei

A

Multiple peripherally

41
Q

SKELETAL muscle fibers are almost of the _________

A

same size

42
Q

covers muscle fiber

A

endomysium

43
Q

fascicles is covered by

A

perimysium

44
Q

whole muscle is covered by

A

epimysium

45
Q

myoblast fuse to form a _______ muscle fiber

A

skeletal

46
Q

unfuse myoblast

A

satellite cell

47
Q

if muscle fiber will die this cell will become skeletal muscle

A

satellite cell

48
Q

thickest layer of heart

A

myocardium

49
Q

Muscles are branching and anastomosing

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE

50
Q

CARDIAC MUSCLE __________located Nucleus

A

centrally

51
Q

how smoooth muscle form

A

from myoblast immediately

52
Q

how skeletal muscle fiber form

A

myoblast
myotubes are fused

53
Q

how cardiac muscles forms

A

myoblast
myotubes no fusion

54
Q

Transverse lines that represent the interface between adjacent
muscle fibers

A

INTERCALATED DISC

55
Q

Intercalated disc functions

A
  • Maintain firm cohesion of successive cellular units of
    the myocardium
  • Transmission of signals among adjacent cardiac
    muscle cells
56
Q

for rapid communication between cells in cardiac muscle

A

Gap Junction

57
Q

in intercalated disk making its functions for cohesion, for greater strength

A

desmosome

58
Q

SMOOTH MUSCLE shape

A

Fusiform or spindle-shaped

59
Q

SMOOTH MUSCLE: nucleus

A

central Elongated nucleus

60
Q

SMOOTH MUSCLE On cross section, the _______ ___ of each muscle fiber is
adjacent to the broad parts of neighboring cells

A

narrow ends

61
Q

LOCATION OF SMOOTH MUSCLES

A

Walls of the Digestive tract
Walls of the respiratory tract
Walls of blood vessels
Walls of ducts of glands
Areolar of mammary glands
Arrector pili muscle
Uterus
Subcutaneous tissue of the scrotum

HUMAN HISTO LAB (10 decks)

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