Bone And Cartilage Flashcards
Types of cartilage
Hyaline»trachea, costal, fetal skeleton
Elastic»ear pinna, epiglottis
White fibro»intervertebral discs
Type 1 collagen, separated by chondrocyte rows No PERICHONDRIUM blood vessels in cartilage
Cartilage VS bone
Vascular…
Matrix…
Cells…
C……B
No. Yes
Rubber..solid
Chondro..osteo
Nutrients enter cartilage by
Diffusion through perichondrium, synovial fluid
Components of cartilage
Perichondrium..cartilage cells .extracellular matrix
Components of bones
Periosteum…endosteum..bone cells .extracellular matrix
Perichondrium
Outer fibrous layer, vascular irregular CT
Inner chondrogenic layer with 1/2 rows of chondrogenic cells
> > > Oxygenation-nutrition-growth-regeneration and healing
Periosteum
Outer, vascular irregular CT» attach muscles and tendons to bones
Inne, 1/2 rows of osteogenic cells» growth and healing
Endosteum
Line bone cavity 1 layer of osteogenic cells for growth and healing
The cartilage cells
Shape
Function
Chondrogenic» in i ner layer of perichondrium, spindle shaped with vesicular nucleus
Chondroblast»flat oval, divides and secretes matrix
Chondrocyte» mature and dividing forms cell nest 2,4,8 in a lacunae
Osteoblast
from osteogenic cells in inner periosteum
Alkaline phosphatase and prophosphatase for bone calcification and organic subs secretion
Osteoclast
large multinucleated phagocytic cell in howships lacuna for bone resorption and repair from monocytes in blood
Osteocyte
mature and non dividing,
cellular processes through canaliculi secretes bone matrix
Bone parts
Head=epiphysis
Shaft=diaphysis
Bone types
Shape
Regular
Long/irregular/short/flat
Compact(regular) and spongy(irregular)
Spongy bone contains
Medullary cavity conating HSC that produces lymph cells and myloid cells
Bone growth
Endochondrial»from hyaline to long bone, epipheseal plate 18 years old
Intermembranous»mesenchymal cells to form flat bone
Extracellular matrix of cartilage
GAGs»chondroitin and hylaraunic acid
Glycoproteins»chondronectin
Cartilage growth
Appositional»division of chondrogenic cells causing new layers on the surface
Interstitial»chondrocytes divide in their lacuna growth from inside
Division+secretion of matrix
Old cartilage only grows by….due to…
Appositional, increased matrix firmness and possible calcification
Structural unit of compact bone
Osteon
