Bone Flashcards
Give some functions of bone
Weight bearing and support
Protection of organs
Mineral store
Blood formation - red bone marrow
What is the name of the outer membrane of bone?
Periosteum
What is the name of the inner membrane of bone?
Endosteum
Give some properties of compact bone?
Very organised
Consists of circular structures called osteons.
Lots of pores for blood vessels
Bone matrix called lamellae
What is the function of canaliculi and what type of bone is it present in?
Found in compact bone.
Allows the communication between osteocytes.
Give some properties of spongy bone?
Less dense
Consists of a network of lamellated trabeculae filled with bone marrow
Porous
Give the 6 different types of bone?
Flat bone - front of skull Sutural - in skull Short bone - carpal Irregular bone - vertebra Long bone - femur Sesamoid bone - patella
Name the 2 different types of bone formation
Endochondral
Intramembranous
Describe the process of endochondral ossification?
Uses a cartilage model to create bone.
Blood vessels invade the cartilage which is eventually replaced with bone.
Cartilage remains in the epiphyseal growth plate.
Describe the process of intramembranous ossification?
Mesenchymal cells develop into osteoprogenitor cells that mature into osteoblasts that deposit bone.
No cartilage phase!
Which type of bone formation is the most common in long bone growth?
Endochondral
What properties do minerals provide bone with?
They make bone stiff and give stupport
They make bone strong especially when under compression
What gives bone some flexibility and high strength under tension?
Collagen
What are osteoblasts?
Immature bone cells created from osteoprogenitor cells in bone membranes.
What is the function of osteoblasts?
They produce the bone matrix and initiate calcification.
Become osteocytes once surrounded by matrix.