Bone Flashcards
What are the primary functions of bone tissue?
- Support the body
- Storage of minerals
- Protection of visceral structures
- Locomotion
- Hematopoeisis
The area between the epiphysis and diaphysis is called?
Metaphysis
What are the primary growth centers of a long bone?
Diaphysis & metaphysis
What are the secondary growth centers of a long bone?
Epiphysis & apophysis
What is the MOST metabolically active part of a long bone?
metaphysis
The diaphysis of a long bone is metabolically ____
inactive
The epiphysis of a long bone is metabolically ____
active (less)
The hard, dense, strong bone that forms the outer layer of bone is called?
Cortical bone
The inner, spongy layer of bone is called?
Trabecular bone (AKA cancellous bone)
The cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow is called?
Medullary cavity
A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles.
Periosteum
The inner membrane layer separating the marrow cavity and the cortical bone is called?
Endosteum
What percentage of bone is composed of organic material?
30%
What percentage of bone is composed of inorganic material?
60%
What is the primary organic component in bone tissue?
Type I collagen
What is the function of the organic material in bone tissue?
Adds tensile strength to bone tissue (makes it more elastic)
What is the primary inorganic component in bone tissue?
Hydroxyapatite
What is the function of the inorganic material in bone?
Adds more rigidity to bone tissue (allows for more compressive strength)
What byproducts are made from osteoblastic activity?
Alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin
What bone cell is found in the marrow and periosteum and can develop into osteocytes or osteoblasts?
osteoprogenitor cell