Bonding and Chemical Interactions

Question 1

Octet Rule

Answer 1

Bond to have eight electrons in outermost shell

Question 2

What are the exceptions to the Octet Rule?

Answer 2

Hydrogen (2 valence electrons), Lithium (2), Beryllium (4), Boron (6), and elements beyond the second row like Phosphorus and Sulfur which can incorporate their d orbital to expand their octets

Question 3

Formal Charge

Answer 3

Formal Charge = Valence - 1/2 nonbonding electrons - bonding electrons

Question 4

Dipole Moment

Answer 4

μ = qr

Question 5

Intermolecular Forces

Answer 5

Ion-Dipole Interactions
Dipole-Dipole Interactions
Hydrogen Bonding
Dispersion Forces