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GCSE PE > Body Systems > Flashcards

Body Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

Alveoli

A

Small air sacks in the lungs where gaseous exchange takes place

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2
Q

Cartilage

A

A tough form of tissue which covers and protects the ends of bones, and acts as a buffer where two bones meet at a joint.

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3
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

The pressure of the blood flow in the arteries when the left ventricle relaxes

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4
Q

Duodenum

A

Part of the small intestine

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5
Q

Exhale

A

To breathe out

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6
Q

Expiration

A

The action of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles which forces air out of the body

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7
Q

Fibrous

A

Where fibres link together such as a fibrous joint

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8
Q

Forced breathing

A

The increase of the breathing rate during physical activity.

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9
Q

Haemoglobin

A

The substance in the red blood cells which transports oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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10
Q

Heartbeat

A

One contraction and one relaxation of the heart.

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11
Q

Ileum

A

Lower part of the small intestine.

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12
Q

Inhale

A

To breathe in.

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13
Q

Inspiration

A

Air taken in when the diaphragm flattens and moves downwards.

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14
Q

Intercostal muscles

A

Muscles surrounding the ribs which assist breathing.

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15
Q

Joint

A

A place where two or more bones meet.

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16
Q

Lactic acid system

A

The breakdown of carbohydrates to provide energy, usually functioning during activities lasting between one and three minutes.

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17
Q

Ligaments

A

Strong fibrous bands which stabilize joints and control movement

18
Q

Neurons

A

The basic cells of the nervous system

19
Q

Nucleus

A

Main cell body of the nervous system.

20
Q

Oesphagus

A

canal from mouth to stomach, along which food passes.

21
Q

Oxyhaemaglobin

A

Substance which oxygen turns into after gaseous exchange.

22
Q

Physiology

A

Study of the function and processes of the human body.

23
Q

Platelet

A

Small blood cells which help to clot the blood.

24
Q

Pleura

A

Membrane surrounding the lungs, which acts as a lubricant.

25
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Blood vessel which carries de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.

26
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

Blood vessel which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

27
Q

Saliva

A

A digestive juice found in the mouth which helps to digest food.

28
Q

Semi-permeable

A

A type of membrane which allows the passage of some substances but not others.

29
Q

Skeletal pump

A

Muscle action which helps the veins to pump blood around the body.

30
Q

Striated muscle

A

(or voluntary or striped muscle) skeletal muscles of the body.

31
Q

Stroke

A

Sudden attack when the blood supply to the brain is cut off.

32
Q

Stroke volume

A

The volume of blood pumped out of the heart by each ventricle during one contraction.

33
Q

Synovial joint

A

A joint which has a large range of mobility.

34
Q

Systolic pressure

A

The pressure of the blood in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts.

35
Q

Tendon

A

Fibrous tissue which joins a muscle to bone.

36
Q

Tidal volume

A

The amount of air breathed in and out during normal breathing.

37
Q

Valve

A

A structure which permits the flow of blood in only one direction.

38
Q

Vein

A

A thin blood vessel which transports blood.

39
Q

Ventricles

A

The two bottom chambers of the heart.

40
Q

Vertebral column

A

The groups of vertebrae which make up the spine.

41
Q

VO2

A

The total amount of oxygen which the body needs and takes in at any time.

42
Q

VO2 Max

A

The maximum amount of oxygen which the body can take in

GCSE PE (9 decks)

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