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neet > body fluids and circulation > Flashcards

body fluids and circulation Flashcards

1
Q

plasma constitutes ____ of blood

A

55%

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2
Q

plasma contains ____ of water and ____ of proteins

A

90-92% water and 6-8% proteins

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3
Q

globulins help in ____ and albumins in _____ and fibrinogens in ____

A

defense; osmoregulation; clotting

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4
Q

plasma without clotting factors ___

A

serum

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5
Q

number of RBC is

A

5.5 - 5.6 million per mm3

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6
Q

lifespan of rbc is

A

120 days

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7
Q

number of wbc is

A

6000-8000 per mm3

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8
Q

granulocytes are ___

A

neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils

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9
Q

agranulocytes are ___

A

monocytes and lymphocytes

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10
Q

% of neutrophils

A

60-68%

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11
Q

% of eosinophils

A

2-3%

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12
Q

% of basophils

A

0.5-1%

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13
Q

% of monocytes

A

6-8%

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14
Q

% of lymphocytes

A

20-25%

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15
Q

nucleus of monocytes is

A

cup shaped

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16
Q

nucleus of basophils

A

s shaped

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17
Q

nucleus of neutrophils

A

multilobed

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18
Q

nucleus of eosinophils

A

headphone and bilobed

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19
Q

number of thrombocytes is

A

1.5-3.5 million per mm3

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20
Q

blood group with no antigens on rbc

A

O

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21
Q

Blood group with no antibodies in plasma

A

AB

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22
Q

universal donor is

A

O-

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23
Q

universal acceptor is

A

AB+

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24
Q

erthyroblastosis foetalis occurs when

A

mother is Rh - and child is Rh +

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25
Q

erthyroblastosis foetalis can be prevented by administering ____

A

anti Rh antibodies to mother after first pregnancy

26
Q

prothrombin to thrombin is catalysed by

A

thrombokinase

27
Q

thrombin is synthesised in the

A

liver

28
Q

clot includes

A

fibrins + damaged blood cells

29
Q

fibrinogen activated by ____ with the help of ____

A

thrombin; Ca2+

30
Q

lymph does not contain

A

large proteins and blood cells

31
Q

middleman of circulatory system is

A

lymph

32
Q

fats are absorbed through ____

A

lacteals in intestinal villi

33
Q

lymph collects fluid which leaks from ____ and drains it into ____

A

capillaries; major veins

34
Q

inter-atrial septum is

A

thin muscular

35
Q

inter-ventricular septum is

A

thick muscular

36
Q

atrio-ventricular septum is

A

thick and fibrous

37
Q

tricuspid is between

A

right atria and ventricle

38
Q

bicuspid/mitral between

A

left atria and ventricle

39
Q

sino atrial node is located on the….

A

right upper corner of the right atria

40
Q

minute fibres arising from AVN is known as

A

purkinje fibres

41
Q

number of action potentials generated by SAN

A

70-75 beats per min

42
Q

during atrial diastole ___% of blood is moved into ventricles _____

A

70%; passively

43
Q

during atrial systole __% of blood moves into ventricles ____

A

30%; actively

44
Q

valves are connected to the muscles by

A

chordae tendineae

45
Q

heart rate =

A

72 bpm

46
Q

stroke volume =

A

70 ml per systole

47
Q

cardiac output =

A

stroke volume x heart rate (5L)

48
Q

first heart sound is ___ and it indicates ___

A

lub; closure of bicuspid and tricuspid during ventricular systole

49
Q

second heart sound is ___ and it indicates ___

A

dub; closure of semilunar during atrial dystole

50
Q

the instrument used to measure heart activity is

A

electrocardiograph

51
Q

during ecg, a patient is connected to three electrical leads in ___

A

both wrists and left ankle

52
Q

p wave represents

A

depolarisation of atria (systole)

53
Q

qrs complex represents

A

depolarisation of ventricle (systole)

54
Q

t wave representss

A

repolarisation of ventricle (diastole)

55
Q

heart rate in an electrocardiogram is given by

A

number of QRS complexes

56
Q

tunica media consists of ___

A

smooth muscles and elastic fibres

57
Q

atherosclerosis is

A

high blood pressure in coronary artery due to deposition of fats, calcium, cholestrol

58
Q

heart attack is

A

sudden damage to heart wall due to insufficient blood supply

59
Q

heart failure is

A

inability of heart to pump blood effectively

60
Q

main symptom of heart failure is

A

congestion of lungs

61
Q

angina pectoris is

A

acute chest pain due to insufficient oxygen to heart muscle

neet (15 decks)

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