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BFCP 1 FINAL > Body Fluids > Flashcards

Body Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

TBW

A

About 60% of body weight

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2
Q

ICF

A

40% of body weight
2/3 TBW

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3
Q

ECF

A

20% of body weight
1/3 of TBW
ISF + blood plasma
About 1 L in humans

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4
Q

ISF

A

15% of body weight
75% of ECF

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5
Q

Blood plasma

A

5% of body weight
Contains various proteins while other compartments don’t
25% of ECF

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6
Q

Hematocrit

A

Proportion of blood volume made up by RBC
About 45% in men, 40% in women

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7
Q

Total blood volume calculation

A

Plasma volume + (TBV * Htc)

OR

TBV = .75 x body weight

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8
Q

Indicator dilution method

A

Putting dyes that isolate to one compartment to measure volume

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9
Q

Volume calculation (w/ dye)

A

Amount of dye (- excreted amount) / diluted concentration of dye

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10
Q

TBW indicators

A

Heavy water
Antipyrine

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11
Q

ECF indicators

A

Na, mannitol, inulin, l-iothalamate

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12
Q

Plasma

A

I-albumin
Evans blue dye

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13
Q

Ions higher extracellularly

A

Na (!), Cl, Ca, HCO3

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14
Q

Ions higher intracellularly

A

K (!), Mg

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15
Q

Calcium

A

Very low intracellular, highest concentration gradient, would flow from ECF to ICF

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16
Q

pH gradient

A

ICF is more acidic, 2x [H+]
ICF = 7.0
ECF = 7.4

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17
Q

Protein distribution

A

Should be no proteins ISF, only ICF and plasma

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18
Q

Electroneutrality

A

Each compartment is electroneutral - # of cations = anions but can be different across membrane

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19
Q

Hyperosmotic to ICF

A

Cell shrinks because water flows out

20
Q

Idealized semi-permeable membrane

A

Membrane is permeable to water but not molecules so only osmosis

21
Q

Isoosmotic to ICF

22
Q

Hypoosmotic to ICF

A

Cell swells because water flows in

23
Q

Osmolarity of ICF and ECF

A

EQUAL, around 280-300 mOsm/L

24
Q

Osmolarity equation

A

Molarity x number of molecules

Molarity = mass / MW

25
Q

Effective osmolarity

A

Only considers impermeant solutes

26
Q

Osmotic pressure

A

Water moves to more solute concentrated side - if you want it to stop, apply osmotic pressure to that side

27
Q

Tonicity vs osmolarity

A

Tonicity only considers impermeant solutes/effective osmolarity

28
Q

Plasma oncotic pressure (πc)

A

Pushes water into plasma/capillaries
Caused by proteinsin plasma

29
Q

Plasma hydrostatic pressure (Pisf)

A

Pushes fluid into capillaries

30
Q

Hydrostatic pressure in capillaries (Pc)

A

Pushes fluid into ISF
Strongest force

31
Q

Oncotic pressure in capillaries (πisf)

A

Pushes fluid into ISF
Weakest, usually ignored

32
Q

Net driving force

A

Pc - πc - Pisf + πisf

32
Q

Na-K ATPases

A

Maintain ion gradient
Na OUT, K in (against gradient)

33
Q

Isoosmotic volume contraction

A

Water loss and electrolytes loss in ECF are proportional

Caused by diarrhea or vomiting

34
Q

Hyperosmotic/hypertonic volume contraction

A

Caused by dehydration - sweating, fever, diabetes insipidus (decreased ADH, dilute urine)

35
Q

Hypoosmotic volume contraction

A

Water loss in ECF < electrolytes loss in ECF

Caused by adrenal insufficiency, low aldosterone, very low bp, salt craving

36
Q

Isoosmotic volume expansion

A

Proportional water and electrolytes gain in ECF

Caused by isotonic NaCl infusion

37
Q

Hypoosmotic volume Expansion

A

Water gain > electrolytes gain

Caused by syndrome of inappropriate ADH - water retention - hyponatremia transiently

37
Q

Hyperosmotic volume expansion

A

Water gain < electrolytes gain
Caused by hyponatremia - high NaCl intake, water retention

38
Q

Hypovolemia

A

Loss of water - volume contraction
Increases [plasma protein] and plasma oncotic pressure

39
Q

Hypervolemia

A

Gain of water - volume expansion
Decreases [plasma protein] and plasma oncotic pressure

40
Q

SIADH

A

ADH causes water retention - diluted plasma, dilute ECF
Significantly increased in SIADH
Causes hypo-osmotic volume expansion

41
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Extremely low ADH - dilute urine, concentrated ECF
Hyperosmotic volume contraction

42
Q

Adrenal insufficiency

A

Aldosterone increases sodium and water in ECF
Low aldosterone - very low sodium (water follows)
Hypoosmotic volume contraction

BFCP 1 FINAL (13 decks)

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