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+ CAPS 301: Muscle, Bodily Fluid, Cardio > Body Fluid > Flashcards

Body Fluid Flashcards

1
Q

Why do women have lower % water composition?

A

due to more adipose (fat) tissue, which has very low water %

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2
Q

What happens to % water composition with age?

A

decreases, due to more adipose (fat) tissue

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3
Q

What is intracellular fluid?

A

fluid found in cells, including blood cells

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4
Q

What is extracellular fluid?

A

fluid found outside cells

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5
Q

What are the 3 types of extracellular fluid in the body?

A
  • transcellular fluid
  • interstitial fluid
  • plasma
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6
Q

What is transcellular fluid?

A

fluid found on other side of epithelial tissue

does NOT include fluid continuous with outside of body

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7
Q

What is interstitial fluid?

A

fluid that surrounds tissues

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8
Q

What is plasma?

A

fluid component of blood

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9
Q

What is the total body water in an individual?

A

60% of body weight

42 L – based on 70 kg male

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10
Q

What is the breakdown of ECF and ICF in total body water?

A

ECF: 20% of body weight (1/3 of TBW)

ICF: 40% of body weight (2/3 of TBW)

14 L and 28 L – based on 70 kg male

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11
Q

What is the breakdown of fluid in the ECF?

A

1/20 transcellular fluid
3/4 interstitial fluid
1/5 plasma

< 1 L, 10.5 L, and 3 L Based on 70 kg male

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12
Q

What separates ECF and ICF?

A

cell membrane

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13
Q

What separates transcellular fluid and interstitial fluid?

A

epithelium

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14
Q

What separates interstitial fluid and plasma?

A

capillary wall

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15
Q

What is the permeability of the plasma membrane?

A

varies from area to area, depending on types of proteins expressed in different cells

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16
Q

Compare the composition of ions in plasma an interstitial fluid (ECF).

A

similar

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17
Q

Describe the composition of ions in transcellular fluid.

A

variable

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18
Q

What are the 3 locations of interstitial fluid?

A
  • bulk interstitial fluid
  • bone
  • dense connective tissue
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19
Q

What is the Na+ and K+ composition in ICF?

A
  • low Na+ (sodium is leaving cell)
  • high K+ (potassium is entering cell)

due to Na+-K+ ATPase

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20
Q

Compare [Na+], [K+], [Cl-], [protein], and osmolality in ECF vs. ICF.

A
  • ECF: 145 mM
  • ICF: 15 mM
  • ECF: 4.5 mM
  • ICF: 120 mM
  • ECF: 116 mM
  • ICF: 20 mM
  • ECF: 0 mM
  • ICF: 4 mM

osmolality: ECF = ICF
- ECF: 290 mOsm
- ICF: 290 mOsm

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21
Q

What are the units for solute concentration?

A
  • mmol/L (mM)
  • mEq/L
  • mOsm/kg H2O (osmolality)
  • mOsm/L H2O (osmolarity)
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22
Q

What is an equivalent (Eq)?

A

number of moles of charge (1 Eq = 1 mole of charge)

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23
Q

How is mEq/L calculated?

A

mmol/L x z (valence)

24
Q

What is osmolality?

A

mOsm/kg H2O

describe concentration of active solute per unit of H2O – by mass

25
What is osmolarity?
mOsm/L H2O describe concentration of active solute per unit of H2O – by volume
26
What is an osmole (Osm)?
number of moles of osmotically active (capable of causing osmosis) particles
27
How does H2O move based on osmolality?
moves from lower to higher osmolality
28
What can move through semipermeable membrane?
H2O solute (ie. ions) cannot
29
What is the movement of ions dependent on?
is highly regulated and dependent on what is expressed in tissues
30
Are many of our tissues are relatively permeable to water?
yes
31
What can osmolarity be altered by?
changes in temperature
32
Is it better to use osmolarity or osmolality? Why?
best to use osmolality (not altered by temperature)
33
When is osmolarity and osmolality equal?
at body temperature (37℃), 1 L H2O = 1 kg H2O
34
What does isosmotic mean?
osmolality of all fluid compartments are considered to be equal
35
Does solute occupy volume in plasma?
yes
36
Describe solute concentration in plasma volume vs. plasma water.
calculating concentrations using plasma water gives a different result than using plasma volume plasma volume: uses volume of solute + H2O plasma water: uses volume of H2O only
37
Is solute concentration greater in plasma water or plasma volume?
ALWAYS greater in plasma water
38
What fluid is Na+ the main cation in?
- plasma | - interstitial fluid
39
What fluid is K+ the main cation in?
intracellular fluid – due to Na+-K+ ATPase pump
40
What fluid is Cl- in?
extracellular fluid
41
What fluid are phosphates and organic anions in?
intracellular fluid
42
Does interstitial space have protein?
very little
43
In which fluid is there more protein?
ICF some in plasma
44
In which fluid is there a greater amount of Ca2+?
greater outside cell (ECF) than inside cell (ICF)
45
What is the Gibbs-Donnan effect?
describes what happens when a membrane is permeable to some, but not all, molecules in a solution fluid shifts
46
What is albumen?
very negatively-charged protein in plasma (found in blood)
47
Where does transport between plasma and interstitium (ISF) occur in?
- blood capillaries, across endothelial cells | - lymphatic capillaries, across endothelial cells, which subsequently drain into venous blood system
48
Where does transport between cells (ICF) and interstitium (ISF) occur?
across cell membranes - highly regulated and dependent on what is expressed in tissue - different types of proteins and transporters expressed in different permeabilities, depending on location of body
49
Where does transport between transcellular fluid (TCF) and interstitium (ISF) occur?
across epithelial cells
50
What is transport across barriers determined by?
their specific permeability
51
Describe fluid loss when you sweat.
ECF fluid (water) loss > ECF salt loss
52
Describe fluid loss when you have diarrhea.
ECF fluid loss similar to ECF salt loss
53
Describe fluid gain when you drink H2O excessively.
ECF fluid gain
54
What is intracellular osmotic shift?
swelling of cells when fluid moves into cells
55
Where is intracellular osmotic shift dangerous?
in areas of body that don't have room for tissue expansion
56
What are symptoms of intracellular osmotic shift?
headache seizures coma leading to death

+ CAPS 301: Muscle, Bodily Fluid, Cardio (13 decks)

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