Body Cavities

Question 1

Major Body Divisions

Answer 1

axial and appendicular

Question 2

Axial Division

Answer 2

head, neck, trunk

Question 3

Appendicular Division

Answer 3

limbs

Question 4

Function of Body Cavity

Answer 4

1) provides protection to organs; 2) allows organ movement; 3) lining prevents friction

Question 5

Two Major Body Cavities

Answer 5

dorsal and ventral

Question 6

Dorsal Cavity Subdivisions

Answer 6

cranial and spinal (vertebral)

Question 7

Cranial Cavity

Answer 7

encases brain

Question 8

Spinal (Vertebral) Cavity

Answer 8

encases spinal cord

Question 9

Ventral cavity Subdivisions

Answer 9

thoracic and abdominopelvic

Question 10

Viscera

Answer 10

internal organs

Question 11

Thoracic Cavity Subdivisions

Answer 11

pleural (right and left), pericardial and mediastinal

Question 12

Pleural Cavity

Answer 12

surrounds each lung

Question 13

Pericardial Cavity

Answer 13

encloses heart

Question 14

Mediastinal Cavity

Answer 14

cavity between lungs that contains the pericardial cavity; contains esophagus, trachea, and major vessels

Question 15

Abdominal Cavity

Answer 15

contains stomach, intestines, spleen, kidneys and liver

Question 16

Pelvic Cavity

Answer 16

contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs and rectum

Question 17

Serosa

Answer 17

serous membranes

Question 18

Serous Membrane

Answer 18

a thin, two-layered membrane that lines the body cavities and produces serous fluid to reduce friction in cavity from organ movement

Question 19

Parietal Membrane Layer

Answer 19

1) lines internal cavity walls; 2) is the layer nearest to the body wall; 3) folds back on itself to become the visceral layer

Question 20

Types of Parietal Layers

Answer 20

parietal pleura, parietal pericardium, parietal paritoneum

Question 21

Visceral Membrane Layer

Answer 21

1) is the external layer of internal organs; 2) is nearest to the organs and farthest from the body wall

Question 22

Types of Visceral Layers

Answer 22

visceral pleura, visceral pericardium, visceral paritoneum

Question 23

Pericardium

Answer 23

serous membrane that surrounds the heart and the roots of the great vessels that exit and enter the heart

Question 24

Fibrous Pericardium

Answer 24

tough connective tissue protecting and anchoring the heart to surrounding structures; prevents overfilling

Question 25

Serous Pericardium

Answer 25

deep to fibrous pericardium; lines internal surface of fibrous pericardium and is the epicardium of the heart

Question 26

Epicardium

Answer 26

visceral pericardium; external surface of heart

Question 27

Pleura

Answer 27

serous membrane that surrounds each lung, dividing the thoracic cavity into two pleural compartments and the mediastinum

Question 28

Parietal Pleura

Answer 28

lines inner thoracic wall, superior face of diaphragm and mediastinum between the lungs

Question 29

Visceral Pleura

Answer 29

external lung surface

Question 30

Pleural Fluid

Answer 30

fills pleural cavity and provides lubrication, surface tension, lung expansion and recoil

Question 31

Peritoneum

Answer 31

serous membrane that surrounds several organs within the abdominopelvic cavity

Question 32

Parietal Peritoneum

Answer 32

lines body wall

Question 33

Visceral Peritoneum

Answer 33

on external surface of enclosed organs (intraperitonial, retroperitoneal, subperitoneal)

Question 34

Mesentery

Answer 34

double visceral layer of peritoneum that suspends, supports an stabilizes some abdominopelvic organs; provides a route for blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves

Question 35

Invagination

Answer 35

occurrence in which the parietal peritoneum of the posterior abdominopelvic wall extends out to engulf organs with visceral peritoneum, anchoring them to the parietal wall

Question 36

Omenta

Answer 36

two mesenteries that extend above and below the curvatures of the stomach to tether the stomach to other digestive organs

Question 37

Lesser Omentum

Answer 37

Omentum extending from above the stomach, from the liver to the lesser curvature

Question 38

Greater Omentum

Answer 38

Omentum extending below the stomach, draping from greater curvature and in front of small intestine; insulates organs and wraps around areas of infection or trauma; contains fat deposits and lymph nodes