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Sample MCQs > Blue 5 > Flashcards

Blue 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the vitreous is more liquid

A

Gooey middle
Liquid centre, denser base

Progresses further out with age

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2
Q

What cranial nerve has the longest intracrnaial course?

A

Abducens

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3
Q

What cranial nerve emerges dorsal brainstem

A

Trochlear

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4
Q

What is the size of the optic chiasM

A

12mm wide
8mm long

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5
Q

Wavelengths of sensitivity of S M and L cones

A

S 415nm
M 530nm
L 560nm

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6
Q

What is sarcoplasm

A

Intracellular fluid that fills the space between myofibrils

Large quantities of potassium, magnesium, phosphate, multiple protein enzymes and mitochondria

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7
Q

What do pacreatic alpha, beta, delta, epsilon and PP cells secrete

A

Alpha - glucagon
Beta - insulin and amylin
Delta - somatostatin
Epsilon - ghrelin
PP ells - pancreatic polypeptide

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8
Q

How long are mitochondria

A

2 micrometers

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9
Q

How much corneal thickness is stroma? What collagen type in stroma? What arangement?

A

90%

55% type 1 collagen arranged in orthogonal (right angles) lamellar fashion

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10
Q

What lens changes is UVB associated with?

A

Cortical and posterior subcapsular cataract

(not nuclear)

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11
Q

Which form of optic nerve glioma carries better prognosis child or adult?

A

Child Juvenile better prognosis

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12
Q

What do dermoid cyslst contain?

A

pilosebaceous follicles and hair

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13
Q

What are hidrocystomas from? What do they contain?

A

From glands of Moll
Lined by double layer of epithelium

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14
Q

When do epidermoid cysts occur? What are they filled with?

A

Due to epithelial inclusion following surgery or trauma
Following obstruction of duct of pilosebaceous follicle
Filled with keratin

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15
Q

What bacteria is bacillus cereus

A

Gram positive rod, spore forming

Traumatic injury endophthalmitis

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16
Q

What is cytokine pleiotropy and redundancy?

A

Pleitropy - multiple biological actions
Redundancy - shared biological actions by different cytokines
Short lived, short range molecules, effective at low conc

17
Q

First order horners vs second order vs third order

A

First order - ipsilateral body anhidrosis

Second order - ipstilateral face anhidrosis

Third order - ipsilateral brow anhidrosis

18
Q

What are tibosome bidning sites for tRNA?

A

Peptidyl tRNA binding site (P site) holds the tRNA and polypeptide chain

Aminoacyl-tRNA binding site (A site) holds incoming tRNA molecule

Stop codon on the messenger RNA causes binding of release factor to aminoacyle-tRNA binding site (A site) which causes hydrolysation of the petidyle tRNA molecule on the P site and release of the polypeptide chain

19
Q

Constant vs variable expressivity AD/AR>

A

AD - variable expressivity

AR - constant expressivity

20
Q

Stickler syndrome genet

A

COL2A1

21
Q

What is continuous vs discontinuosu multifactorial inhertiance

A

Continuous - range of disease expression

Discontinuous - increased incidence in affected family compared to general population
Unequal sex distribution

22
Q

What is roman numerals and arabic numerals in HVF

A

Roman - target size in mm2

Arabic - light intensity in apostlibs

23
Q

Fluorescein excitation and emission peak

A

Excitation 490nm
Emission 530nm

24
Q

What causes window defect in FFA? Leakage at macula? Leakage at disc? LEakage elsewhere?

A

Window defect - RPE atrophy, macular hope

Leakage macula - CMO, macular oedema

Leakage at disc - papilloedema, inflammation, ischaemic optic neuropathy

Leakage elseqhere - vasculitis, new vessels, choroidal neovascularisation

25
Q

Axial resolution of stectral OCT

A

3-8 micrometers

26
Q

What is the light peak:dark trough ratio in EOG and light peak time?

A

LP:DT 1.7-4.3
Light peak time 7-12 minutes

27
Q

What happens in preclinical phase of clinical trial

A

Drug tested in non-human subjects to explore efficacy, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, with no dose trestriction

Sample MCQs (20 decks)

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