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PHARMA > BLOOD_GOUT 4 > Flashcards

BLOOD_GOUT 4 Flashcards

1
Q

is the only over the counter NON-anti-inflammatory analgesic.

A

acetaminophen

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2
Q
  • A weak COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor
  • An analgesic and antipyretic agent
  • lacks anti-inflammatory or antiplatelet effects
A

acetaminophen

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3
Q

Overdosage of acetaminophen in px with severe liver impairement results to

A

hepatotoxic

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4
Q

Prompt administration of this drug which is a sulfhydryl donor, may be lifesaving after an overdose.

A

Acetylcysteine

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5
Q

People who regularly consume ___ per day are at increased risk of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity.

A

3 or more alcoholic drinks

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6
Q
  • has anti-inflammatory actions in several connective tissue disease
  • called disease-modifying drugs (reversal joint damage)
  • called slow-acting antirheumatic drugs (6 week to 6 months)
A

Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDS)

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7
Q
  • anti-inflammatory drugs with an intermediate rate of action
  • too toxic for routine chronic use
  • reserved for temporary control of severe exacerbations
  • long term use in px w/ severe disease not controlled by other agents
A

Costicosteroids

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8
Q

Interfere with the activity of T lymphocytes

A
  • sulfasalazine
  • hydroxychloroquine
  • cyclosporine
  • leflunomide
  • mycophenolate
  • mofetil
  • abatacept
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9
Q

Interfere with the activity of B lymphocyte

A

rituximab

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10
Q

Interfere with the activity of macrophage

A
  • gold compounds
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11
Q

DMARDS that are given orally.

A
  • sulfasalazine
  • hydroxychloroquine
  • methotrexate
  • cyclosporine
  • peniccillamine
  • leflunomide
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12
Q

DMARDS that are given by injection

A
  • anti TNF-alpha drugs
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13
Q

Gold compound are available for parenteral and oral use.

A
  • Parenteral: AuNa thiomalate and aurothioglucose

- Oral: auranofin

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14
Q

Are initiated fairly early in px w/ moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis in an attempt to ameliorate disease progression

A

methotrexate

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15
Q

Short courses of glucocorticoids can cause

A
  • behavioral changes

- - impaired glucose control

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16
Q

Toxicity of DMARDs

A
  • severe or fatal toxicities
17
Q

Is associated w/ increased serum conc of uric acid. Acute attacks involve joint inflammation initiated by precipitation of uric acid crystals.

A

Gout

18
Q

Are effective in inhibiting the inflammation of acute gouty arthritis.

A

indomethacin

19
Q

A selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly, reduces leukocyte migration and phagocytosis; this drug may also reduce production of leukotrine B4 and decrease radical formation.

A

Colchicine

20
Q

Toxicity of colchicine.

A
  • significant gastrointestinal disturbance (diarrhea)

- damage the liver and kidney

21
Q

Lower doses of this are used to prevent attacks of gout in px with a history of multiple acute attacks.

A

colchicine

22
Q

Toxicity of NSAIDs and indomethacin

A
  • renal damage

- bone marrow depression (indomethacin)

23
Q

Mostly of the uric acid is filtered by the kidney is reabsorbed in the

A

proximal tubules

24
Q

Uricosuric drugs (xanthine oxidase inhibitors) are used orally to treat

A

chronic gout

25
Q

Toxicity of Uricosuric Agents

A
  • precipitate an attack of acute gout during early phase

- may share allergenicity with other classes of sulfonamides

26
Q

The production of uric acid can be reduced by inhibition of ___, the enzyme that converts hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid.

A

xanthine oxidase

27
Q

is converted to oxypurinol (alloxanthine) by xanthine oxidase

A

allopurinol

28
Q

is an irreversible suicide inhibotr of the xanthine oxidase

A

alloxanthine

29
Q

is a nonpurine inhibitor od xanthine oxidase that is more selective than allopurinol and alloxanthine which inhibit other enzyme involved in purine and pyrimidine metabolism

A

febuxostat

30
Q

Is more effective in lowering serum uric acid.

A

febuxostat

31
Q

Is used as an adjunct to cancer chemotherapy to slow formationn of uric acid from purines released by the death of large numbers of neoplastic cells.

A

Allopurinol

32
Q

Toxicity of Allopurinol

A
  • gastrointestinal upset
  • rash
  • peripheral neuritis
  • vasculitis
  • bone marrow dysfunction
  • aplastic anemia
33
Q

Toxicity of Febuxostat.

A
  • liver function abnormalities
  • headache
  • gastrointestinal upset
34
Q

Among NSAIDs, aspirin is unique because it
A. irreversibly inhibits its target enzyme
B. Prevents episodes of gouty arthritis w/ long term use
C. reduces fever
D. reduces the risk of colon cancer
E. Selectively inhibits the COX-2 enzyme

A

irreversibly inhibits its target enzyme

35
Q

W/c of the ff is an analgesic and antipyretic drug that lacks an anti-inflammatory action?

A

Acetaminophen

36
Q

16 y.o girl comes to the ED suffering from the effects of an aspirin overdose. W/c of the ff syndromes is the px most likely to exhibit as a result of this drug overdose?

A
  • Hyperthermia
  • metabolic acidosis
  • coma

PHARMA (26 decks)

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