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CV II Exam 2 > Blood Vessels V > Flashcards

Blood Vessels V Flashcards

1
Q

varicose veins

A

dilated, tortuous

  • incompetent valves - increased pressure
  • congestion, edema, pain

more in females

long periods of standing (orthostatic edema) contribute

> 50yo obese women
-increased with pregnancy

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2
Q

raynaud phenomenon

A

commonly in young women

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3
Q

superficial leg veins

A

varicose veins

-can lead to varicose ulcers

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4
Q

esophageal varices

A

portal vein HTN

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5
Q

hemorrhoids

A

with pregnancy or chronic constipation

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6
Q

phlebosclerosis

A

elastic tissue degeneration and spotty calcifications within media

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7
Q

caput medusa

A

dilated abdominal veins

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8
Q

thrombophlebitis and phlebothrombosis

A

venous thrombosis and inflammation

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9
Q

majority of thrombosis

A

deep leg veins

-also in periprostatic plexus and ovarian/pelvic veins in women

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10
Q

trousseau sign

A

migratory thrombophlebitis
-malignancy associated hypercoagulable state due to procoag elaboration

sporadic thrombosis at various sites

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11
Q

homan sign

A

pain with squeezing calf or force dorsiflexion of foot

-indicate thrombophlebitis or phlebothrombosis

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12
Q

plegmasia alba dolens

A

painful white leg

-iliofemoral venous thrombosis in pregnant women

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13
Q

superior vena caval syndrome

A

usually neoplasm compressing SVC

-dusky cyanosis and marked dilation of head, neck, arm veins

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14
Q

inferior vena caval syndrome

A

extrinsic IVC compression

  • also with certain neoplasm - hepatocellular and renal cell carcinomas
  • leg edema, distention of lower abdominal superficial collateral veins
  • massive proteinuria - if renal vein involvement
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15
Q

lymphangitis

A

infection to lymphatics - red streaks

group A beta hemolytic strep***

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16
Q

acute lymphadenitis

A

red streaks with painful enlarged lymph nodes

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17
Q

lymphedema

A

lymph obstruction and dilation

-associated increases in interstitial fluids

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18
Q

milroy disease

A

primary lymphatic agenesis - primary cause of lymphedema

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19
Q

secondary lymphedema

A

obstructive - malignancy, removal of nodes, postirridiation fibrosis, filariasis, postinflammatory thrombosis and scarring

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20
Q

peau d’orange

A

chronic edema - thick skin

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21
Q

lymphedema praecox

A

age 10-25 yo

  • usually female
  • unknown cause
  • edema in feet
  • accumulate throughout life
  • may swell to many times its normal size
22
Q

rupture of dilated lymphatics

A

chylous ascites
chylothorax
chylopericardium

23
Q

bacillary angiomatosis

A

not neoplastic

24
Q

benign vascular neoplasms

A

well-formed vascular channels lined by EC

25
Q

hemangiomas

A

very common

  • 7% of all benign pediactric tumors
  • rare malignancy
  • common in skin and liver
26
Q

angiomatosis

A

hemangioma of large segment of body

27
Q

red-bluish lesion on skin in child

A

hemangioma

28
Q

capillary hemangioma

A

most common vascular tumor

  • skin or mucous membranes
  • unencapsulated, closely packed aggregate of cap-sized thin walled vessels
29
Q

juvenile hemangioma

A

strawberry type

  • cap hemangioma in skin of newborns
  • grows rapidly - first few months
  • regresses age 7
30
Q

hemosiderin

A

causes brown coloration

-due to RBC breakdown

31
Q

cavernous hemangioma

A

larger, less circumscribed - and involves deeper structures

  • local destruction
  • no tendency to regress
  • intravascular thrombosis with associated dystrophic calcification

in brain - dangerous

32
Q

VHL

A

get hemangioblastoma***

-maybe get cavernous hemangioma as well

33
Q

hemangioblastoma

A

VHL**

angiomatous lesions of cerebellum, brainstem, or eye

  • cystic neoplasms in pancreas/liver
  • other visceral neoplasms as well
34
Q

pyogenic granuloma

A 
follow trauma***
lobular capillary hemangioma
-rapid growing red module
-skin, gingiva, oral mucosa
-1/3 develop after trauma
-ulcerated surface
35
Q

granuloma gravidum

A

pregnancy tumor

  • pyogenic granuloma that occurs in gingiva of pregnant women
  • regress after delivery
36
Q

ulcerated

A

pyogenic granuloma

37
Q

not ulcerated

A

hemangioma

38
Q

simple (capillary) lymphangioma

A

1-2cm exudate filled blisters of small lymph channels

-head, neck, axillary subQ tissue

39
Q

cavernous lymphangioma

A

cystic hygroma**

  • up to 15cm - neck or axilla of children
  • gross deformities
  • often in turner syndrome
40
Q

turner syndrome

A

with cavernous lymphangioma

-cystic hygroma

41
Q

lymphangioma vs. hemangioma

A

lymph - not red - no RBCs
-but does have white cells

hemangioma - has RBCs

42
Q

glomus tumor

A

glomangioma - benign painful tumor of modified smooth m cells from glomus body
-AV structure in thermoregulation - beneath nail beds**

43
Q

painful lesion under nail

A

glomus tumor

benign

44
Q

ectasia

A

NOT neoplasm

localied dilation of pre-existing vessels

45
Q

nevus flammeus

A

classic birthmark

-dermal vessel dilation

46
Q

port wine stains

A

variation of nevus flammeus

  • persist and grow with child
  • thickening of involved skin

-with mental retardation, seizures, skull opacities - sturge-weber syndrome

47
Q

sturge weber syndrome

A

encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis

  • congenital disorder
  • ipsilateral port-wine nevi
  • trigeminal nerve distribution
  • half of face
  • mental retardation, seizures, hemiplegia, radiopacities in skull
48
Q

birthmark

A

nevus flammeus

49
Q

telangiectasia

A

congeintal anomaly

  • acquired permanent exaggeration of preformed vessels
  • caps, venules, arterioles
50
Q

half face colored

A

port wine stain

  • worry about sturge weber syndrome
  • bc have skull lesions - can bleed

CV II Exam 2 (18 decks)

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