blood vessels

Question 1

What are arteries?

Answer 1

strong elastic vessels that carry blood moving away from the heart

Question 2

What is the pathway of arteries?

Answer 2

arteries, arterioles, capillaries

Question 3

What are veins?

Answer 3

thinner, less muscular vessels carrying blood towards the heart

Question 4

What is the pathway of veins?

Answer 4

veins, venules, capillaries

Question 5

What are capillaries?

Answer 5

allows exchange of materials (oxygen, nutrients) between blood and tissues

Question 6

What are precapillary sphincters?

Answer 6

circular, valve-like muscle at arteriole-capillary junction

Question 7

What is vasocontriction?

Answer 7

narrowing blood vessel

Question 8

What is vasodilation?

Answer 8

expanding blood vessel

Question 9

What is the blood flow through veins like?

Answer 9

not efficient

Question 10

What are 3 important factors of blood flow?

Answer 10

contraction of the diaphragm
pumping action of skeletal muscles
valves in the veins

Question 11

What are 4 factors that affect blood flow?

Answer 11

cardiac output, blood volume, blood viscosity, peripheral resistance

Question 12

What are the major blood vessels?

Answer 12

aorta
pulmonary trunk (artery)
pulmonary veins
superior & inferior vena cava

Question 13

What are the 4 parts of the aorta?

Answer 13

ascending
aortic arch
descending
abdominal

Question 14

What is the largest artery?

Answer 14

aorta

Question 15

What is the pulmonary trunk?

Answer 15

splits into left and right from the left ventricle, both lead to the lungs and

Question 16

What are the pulmonary veins?

Answer 16

return blood from the lungs to the heart, connects to left atrium

Question 17

What are the superior and inferior vena cava?

Answer 17

return blood from the head & body to the heart, connects to right atrium

Question 18

What are the four branches of the aorta?

Answer 18

right and left coronary arteries
brachiocephalic artery
left common carotid
left subclavian

Question 19

What is the function of the right and left coronary arteries?

Answer 19

supply blood the heart

Question 20

What branches of the brachiocephalic artery and what are their functions?

Answer 20

right subclavian artery - blood to arms
right common carotid - neck and head

Question 21

What is the function of the left common carotid artery?

Answer 21

supplies blood to the head

Question 22

What is the function of the left subclavian artery?

Answer 22

supplies blood to the left arm

Question 23

What is widowmaker?

Answer 23

massive heart attack from severe occlusion (blockage) of the left anterior descending artery (LAD)