Blood Vessel Ultra Tissue

Question 1

The average volume of blood in a man

Answer 1

6 litres

Question 2

Three major types of vessels

Answer 2

Arteries, Veins, Capillaries

Question 3

Three sections of vessel walls

Answer 3

Tunica intima (inner), tunica media (middle) tunica adventitia (outer)

Question 4

Arteries found near the heart

Answer 4

Large elastic conducting arteries

Question 5

Examples of large elastic conducting artieries

Answer 5

Aorta, pulmonary artery

Question 6

Tunica Intima of large elastic arteries

Answer 6

Endothelial cells - has a sub endothelium of connective tissue and discontinuous elastic laminae

Question 7

Tunica Media of elastic artery

Answer 7

40-70 fenestrated (porous) elastic membranes with smooth muscle cells and collagen in between layers

Question 8

Tunica adventitia of elastic artery

Answer 8

Thin layer of connective tissue which contains lymphatics, nerves and vasa vasorum

Question 9

Vasa Vasorum

Answer 9

Small vessels which supply blood to larger arteries and veins

Question 10

Medium muscular arteries supply…

Answer 10

Blood to the sub regions of the body

Question 11

Tunica intima of medium muscular arteries

Answer 11

Endothelium, a sub endothelial layer and a thick elastic lamina

Question 12

Tunica media of medium muscular arteries

Answer 12

40 layers of smooth muscle joined by gap junctions to allow for co-ordinated contraction

Question 13

Tunica adventitia of medium muscular arteries

Answer 13

Thin layer of connective tissue containing minor vasa vasorum, lymphatics and nerve fibres

Question 14

Arterioles carry…

Answer 14

Blood from the medium muscular arteries to the metarterioles (micro circulation)

Question 15

Structure of arterioles

Answer 15

Less than 0.1mm diameter, three layers of smooth muscle cells, no internal elastic lamina, external elastic lamina in larger arterioles

Question 16

Metarterioles supply…

Answer 16

Blood to capillary beds

Question 17

Metarterioles structure

Answer 17

Intermediate rings of smooth muscle (precapillary sphincters) - control blood flow

Question 18

Precapillary sphincters are important in…

Answer 18

Tissue perfusion

Question 19

Tissue perfusion is…

Answer 19

The relaxation of precapillary sphincters in metarterioles to allow blood more easily in certain areas of the body

Question 20

Capillaries consist of…

Answer 20

One endothelial layer and it’s concordat basement membrane

Question 21

Types of capillaries

Answer 21

Continuous, fenestrated and sinusoidal

Question 22

What can leave continuous capillaries?

Answer 22

Water and ions

Question 23

What can leave sinusoidal capillaries?

Answer 23

Large molecules such as cells and proteins

Question 24

Post capillary venules carry blood from the…

Answer 24

Capillaries to the venules

Question 25

Tissue fluid tends to drain into…

Answer 25

Post capillary venules as their pressure is lower than the capillaries or tissues

Question 26

Structure of post capillary venules

Answer 26

An endothelial lining with associated pedicytes and a diameter of 10-30 micrometers. Permeable walls to allow for leukocyte migration

Question 27

During inflammation (venules)…

Answer 27

Pressure of venules is higher than surrounding interstitium, allows fluid to leak out along with white blood cells and cytokines

Question 28

Interstitium meaning

Answer 28

Surrounding connective tissue which lies between the cells of an organ

Question 29

Venules carry…

Answer 29

Blood from post capillary venules to veins

Question 30

Venule structure

Answer 30

Endothelial lining associated with pericytes or smooth muscle cells (the beginning of a tunica media). Diameter of up to 1mm and also contain valves

Question 31

Many venules unite to form

Answer 31

Veins

Question 32

Small and medium veins have…

Answer 32

A well developed tunica adventitia and thinner tunica media and tunica intima

Question 33

Large veins structure

Answer 33

Diameters greater than 10mm, thick tunica intima, longitudinal muscle in the tunica adventitia, smooth circular muscle in the tunica media.

Question 34

Veins contain (v)…

Answer 34

Valves to prevent back flow of blood and propel it forward to the heart

Question 35

Venae Comitantes…

Answer 35

Are veins wrapped in a sheath with arteries. The pulsations of the artery stimulate the vein to push blood forward