Blood Vessel Ultra Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

The average volume of blood in a man

A

6 litres

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2
Q

Three major types of vessels

A

Arteries, Veins, Capillaries

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3
Q

Three sections of vessel walls

A

Tunica intima (inner), tunica media (middle) tunica adventitia (outer)

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4
Q

Arteries found near the heart

A

Large elastic conducting arteries

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5
Q

Examples of large elastic conducting artieries

A

Aorta, pulmonary artery

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6
Q

Tunica Intima of large elastic arteries

A

Endothelial cells - has a sub endothelium of connective tissue and discontinuous elastic laminae

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7
Q

Tunica Media of elastic artery

A

40-70 fenestrated (porous) elastic membranes with smooth muscle cells and collagen in between layers

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8
Q

Tunica adventitia of elastic artery

A

Thin layer of connective tissue which contains lymphatics, nerves and vasa vasorum

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9
Q

Vasa Vasorum

A

Small vessels which supply blood to larger arteries and veins

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10
Q

Medium muscular arteries supply…

A

Blood to the sub regions of the body

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11
Q

Tunica intima of medium muscular arteries

A

Endothelium, a sub endothelial layer and a thick elastic lamina

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12
Q

Tunica media of medium muscular arteries

A

40 layers of smooth muscle joined by gap junctions to allow for co-ordinated contraction

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13
Q

Tunica adventitia of medium muscular arteries

A

Thin layer of connective tissue containing minor vasa vasorum, lymphatics and nerve fibres

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14
Q

Arterioles carry…

A

Blood from the medium muscular arteries to the metarterioles (micro circulation)

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15
Q

Structure of arterioles

A

Less than 0.1mm diameter, three layers of smooth muscle cells, no internal elastic lamina, external elastic lamina in larger arterioles

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16
Q

Metarterioles supply…

A

Blood to capillary beds

17
Q

Metarterioles structure

A

Intermediate rings of smooth muscle (precapillary sphincters) - control blood flow

18
Q

Precapillary sphincters are important in…

A

Tissue perfusion

19
Q

Tissue perfusion is…

A

The relaxation of precapillary sphincters in metarterioles to allow blood more easily in certain areas of the body

20
Q

Capillaries consist of…

A

One endothelial layer and it’s concordat basement membrane

21
Q

Types of capillaries

A

Continuous, fenestrated and sinusoidal

22
Q

What can leave continuous capillaries?

A

Water and ions

23
Q

What can leave sinusoidal capillaries?

A

Large molecules such as cells and proteins

24
Q

Post capillary venules carry blood from the…

A

Capillaries to the venules

25
Tissue fluid tends to drain into…
Post capillary venules as their pressure is lower than the capillaries or tissues
26
Structure of post capillary venules
An endothelial lining with associated pedicytes and a diameter of 10-30 micrometers. Permeable walls to allow for leukocyte migration
27
During inflammation (venules)…
Pressure of venules is higher than surrounding interstitium, allows fluid to leak out along with white blood cells and cytokines
28
Interstitium meaning
Surrounding connective tissue which lies between the cells of an organ
29
Venules carry…
Blood from post capillary venules to veins
30
Venule structure
Endothelial lining associated with pericytes or smooth muscle cells (the beginning of a tunica media). Diameter of up to 1mm and also contain valves
31
Many venules unite to form
Veins
32
Small and medium veins have…
A well developed tunica adventitia and thinner tunica media and tunica intima
33
Large veins structure
Diameters greater than 10mm, thick tunica intima, longitudinal muscle in the tunica adventitia, smooth circular muscle in the tunica media.
34
Veins contain (v)…
Valves to prevent back flow of blood and propel it forward to the heart
35
Venae Comitantes…
Are veins wrapped in a sheath with arteries. The pulsations of the artery stimulate the vein to push blood forward