Blood Transfusion Flashcards
1 unit of PRBC increases Hgb by how much
1 Hgb by 1g/dL
1 unit of Platelets raises platelet count by how much
10-25k
How many minutes after you give one unit of blood product should you have a response in re checking labs?
15 mins ish for PRBCs and FFPs, but around an hour for Platelets and Cryoprecipitate (should still see going up)
1 unit of FFP raises PT/INR by how much
Variable effect on PT (how long it takes blood to clot)
Variable effect on INR (how long it takes blood to clot)
1 unit of Cryoprecipitate raises fibrinogen count by how much
7-10 mg/dL (about 100 change because there are 5-10 units given in “one unit”
Measure after about an hour
What is the universal recipiant
AB+
What is the universal donor
O-
Which 2 blood products can be given regardless of blood type
Platelets and cryo– they are using just platelets/precipitate, so do not have antigens.
Describe Urticaria
Proteins in blood react with IgE
Pause transfusion, but if only urticaria without other manifestations after anti-histamine
Describe course of action with Anaphylasxis after a transfusion
Wheezing, angioedema, hypotension, Stop transfusion, epinephrine, antihistamines.
Describe Hemolytic transfusion reaction
Infuse patient with incompatable blood (I.e. give O patient AB blood)
IgM antibodies to donor red blood cells
Fever, flank pain, red/brown urine
Often happens within 15 mins, can be 24 hours after(If someone has never had a transfusion before, their reaction may take longer d/t first exposure to antigen, body has no antibodies to other blood and needs to mount reaction which takes time)
What is the triad occurring with an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
Fever (fever picks up first), flank pain, red/brown urine
How do you manage an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
-Stop Transfusion
- Aggressive volume resuscitation (may have hypotension)
-Notify Blood bank
- Do not discard bag/tubing
Describe a Febrile Non-hemolytic transfusion reaction
-Benign reactions to transfused blood products
- Cytokine release from donor leukocytes in PRBC or PTS
-Most common with platelets
- Stop transfusion, confirm with Blood bank correct blood, then treat with acetominophen
What are some of the key hallmarks distinguishing TRALI and TACO
Trali- has fever, hypotensive, BNP low.
TACO- Hypertensive, no fever, BNP very high, Need diuretics.
What are some qualities that both TRALI and TACO have
Rales, dyspnea, hypoxemia, edema
If there is a clerical error and a patient recieves the incorrect type of blood, which reaction is most likely to occur
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (fever, chills, hypotension, flank pain and bleeding
