Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 - Neuroscience > Blood Supply to the CNS > Flashcards

Blood Supply to the CNS Flashcards

1
Q

How much CO goes to the brain?

A

10-20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How much glucose consumption is done by the brain?

A

66%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

2 sources of blood supply to the brain?

A

Internal carotid arteries

Vertebral arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Path of the internal carotid arteries?

A

(internal branch of CC)

Goes through carotid canal in base of skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Path of the vertebral arteries?

A

(branch of the SCV artery)

Goes through the foramen magnum (as associated w. cervical vertebrae) to fuse and form the basilar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What protects the vertebral arteries?

A

Vertebral transverse foramina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What part of the brain circulation do the vertebral arteries form?

A

Posterior circulation (of the brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do the internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries give rise to?

A

Circle of Willis - anastomotic circuit of vessels that supplies the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What comes off the Circle of Willis?

A

Cerebral arteries

LOOK AT ONENOTE PICTURE!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What part of the brain circulation do the internal carotid arteries form?

A

Anterior circulation (of the brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do the internal carotid arteries go on to become?

A

Middle cerebral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the basilar artery spilt into to form?

A

Posterior cerebral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the basilar artery sit infront of?

A

Pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which artery goes into the longitudinal fissure between the hemispheres?

A

Anterior communicating artery

connects L and R anterior cerebral artery across the L.F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

4 things that mediate venous drainage of the brain

A

Cerebral veins
Venous sinuses
Dura mater
IJV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What forms the venous sinuses?

A

Falx

Folds of the dura mater (as 2-layers)

17
Q

Where is the blood from the brain drained into?

A

Into the BACK of the head to the IJV

18
Q

Stroke (or CVA) definition?

A

Rapidly developing focal disturbance of brain function of presumed vascular origin
AND
of >24 hours duration

19
Q

Two reasons for why a stroke can happen?

A

Infarction (85%)

Haemorrhage (15%)

20
Q

TIA?

A

Transient Ischaemic Attack

21
Q

TIA definition?

A

Rapidly developing focal disturbance of brain function of presumed vascular origin that resolves completely within 24 hours

(temporary blockage - warning of a stroke)

22
Q

2 causes of occulusions?

A

Thrombosis
OR
Embolism

23
Q

5 main risk factors for stroke?

A 
Age
Hypertension
Cardiac disease
Smoking
Diabetes mellitus
24
Q

Part of brain middle cerebral artery is supplying?

A

Lateral parts of the brain - frontal lobe (large part) and temporal & parietal lobes (lateral surface)

Also supplies sub-cortical grey matter towards centre of brain

25
Q

Part of brain anterior cerebral artery is supplying?

A

Mid-saggital part of brain - frontal lobes (midline) and parietal lobes (superior medial) [uptil parieto-occipital fissure]

26
Q

Part of brain posterior cerebral artery is supplying?

A

Occipital lobes

27
Q

What happens if ACA is occluded?

A

Paralysis of contralateral leg > arm, face (as supplies motor cortex)

Disturbance of intellect, executive function & judgement

Loss of appropriate social behaviour

28
Q

What happens if MCA is occluded?

A

'’Classic stroke’’

Contralateral hemiplegia: arm>leg

Contralateral hemisensory deficits (behing central gyrus have 1o sensory cortex)

Hemianopia & aphasia

29
Q

What happens if PCA is occluded?

A

Visual deficits!!!

Homonymous hemianopia
Visual agnosia

30
Q

Where does lacunar infarcts happen?

A

Lacune is a small cavity - forms after a stroke as causes these small holes to form in the brain tissue

31
Q

Explain how lacunar infarcts appear

A

Appear in deep structures as a result of small vessel occlusion

32
Q

Results of a lacunar infarction?

A

Deficit depends on anatomical location

Happens during life - area has often been infarcted and then cleared away (via phagocytosis) leaving a lacuna

33
Q

What are lacunar infarcts associated with?

A

Hypertension

34
Q

4 different types of haemorrhagic strokes?

A

Extradural - trauma, immediate effects
Subdural - trauma, delayed effects
Subarachnoid - ruptured aneurysms
Intracerebral - spontaneous hypertensive

35
Q

Extradural bleed?

A

Due to rupture of meningeal artery - arterial bleed

36
Q

Subdural bleed?

A

Due to rupture of veins - venous bleed

37
Q

Superior sagittal sinus?

A

Biggest sinus - CSF leaks into here

Year 2 - Neuroscience (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions