Blood Sugar and Disorders of the Digestive System (lesson 7)

Question 1

What are the ways the body monitors blood sugar?

Answer 1

1) Hemostasis
2) After meal, BS rises
3) Carbs added to body

Question 2

What are the two hormones control blood sugar and do they do together ?

Answer 2

Insulin is produced by BETA cells in pancreas

Glucagon produced by ALPHA cells in pancreas

These hormones have opposite effects on body and work together to maintain a good sugar balance

Question 3

What does glucagon do with blood sugar?

Answer 3

Released by the pancreas when BS is too low

Question 4

What does insulin do with blood sugar?

Answer 4

Released by pancreas when BS is too high

Question 5

What is diabetes mellitus?

Answer 5

Lack of insulin or low level of insulin.
The body isn’t able to produce insulin , may produce too little or may not be able to use the insulin it produces

The cause is Islets of Langerhans in pancreas

Question 6

What are the symptoms and long term consequences of diabetes mellitus?

Answer 6

Symptoms
- Extreme thirst
- Dry skin
- Nausea
- Blurred vision
- Drowsiness
- Frequent peeing

Long term
- Blindness
- Limp/digit amputation
- Heart attack/strokes
- Loss of sensation in fingers/toes

Question 7

Explain each type of diabetes

Answer 7

Type I: Body produces no insulin
* Most serious type and happens at any age but symptoms appear in childhood
Treatment: Insulin injections

Type II: The body produces little insulin
* Mostly adults-onset diabetes and obese adults
Treatment: Diet and meds

Question 8

Name three discarder of the digestive system causes and treatments

Answer 8

Acid reflux: When cardiac sphincter not closing off stomach properly, stomach acid can enter esophagus. Treatment is meds

Stomach ulcers: Mucus protecting walls of stomach break down. Causes are stress/ anxiety, bacterial infections, meds and treatments are antibiotics

Gall stones: Caused by high levels of cholesterol in diet which results to build up of too much bile in gall bladder and will crystallize forming small stones. Treatment gall bladder removal or surgery to remove them