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PMLS 2 LAB > BLOOD SPECIMEN HANDLING AND PROCESSING > Flashcards

BLOOD SPECIMEN HANDLING AND PROCESSING Flashcards

1
Q

Pre-examination Errors that occur prior to testing comprises ____% of all errors encountered for laboratory samples

A

46-56

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2
Q

occur before the analytical portion of the testing occurs

A

Pre- analytical errors

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3
Q

The most crucial and potentially most dangerous pre-examination error.

A

PATIENT IDENTIFICATION

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4
Q

TOURNIQUET APPLICATION

No longer than __ minute

A

1 minute

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5
Q

Tourniquet applied longer than 1 minute it will result to _______ and it will lead to destruction of RBC’s

A

hemoconcentration

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6
Q

Tourniquet: _____ inches above the puncture site.

A

3-4

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7
Q

Tourniquet: Increase the _______ blood pressure

A

intravascular

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8
Q

reduction of fluid volume

A

Hemoconcentration

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9
Q

inability to circulate lowers the pH and causes potassium to be forced out of blood cells.

A

Hemoconcentration

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10
Q

Vigorous exercise INCREASES in

A

CK
AST
LDH
Bilirubin
creatinine
uric acid.

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11
Q
  • Increase in moderate exercise due to the increased metabolic activity of skeletal muscle
A

Lactate and Pyruvate

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12
Q

NPO

A

Non Per Orem”

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13
Q

Non Per Orem - Fasting

A

“No food and water intake”

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14
Q
  • Fasting time
A

8-12 hours no food

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15
Q

FBS

A

8 hrs

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16
Q

Lipid profile

A

12 hrs

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17
Q

FBS and lipid profile

A

12 hrs

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18
Q

triglycerides

A

12 hrs

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19
Q

Drawn at time intervals because of medication or biological rhythms.

A

TIMED SAMPLES

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20
Q

Diurnal effect: serum iron,
corticosteroids, and other hormones (____hours apart collection)

A

12

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21
Q

There are certain analytes nga increase sa morning decrease sa evening example is

A

cortisol

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22
Q

Common diurnal, cortisol test: drawn on patient at 8 am first extraction and the ___ pm second extraction

A

4

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23
Q

EVACUATED TUBES
Incorrect volume of blood
• Less blood dilutional effect-RBCs ________ in size and

A

decreased

Too much blood clot

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24
Q

T or F| Partially filled tubes cannot be poured together

A

T

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25
Q

Povidone-Iodine (Betadine): for ______________ ONLY

A

blood culture collection

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26
Q

Betadine increases

A

potassium
phosphorus
uric acid

27
Q

prevents the anticoagulant form one tube from contaminating the next tube

A

Collect order

28
Q

Common tests requiring chilling of specimens:

A

Ammonia
Acid Phosphatase
Catecholamines
Lactic Acid
pH/blood gasses

29
Q

Maintained at 37 degrees Celsius:

A

Cold agglutinins
Cryoglobulin

30
Q

Cold agglutinins, Cryoglobulin and maintained at

A

37 celcius

31
Q

WARMING SAMPLES Maintained at body temperature

Wrap the sample in a ______ or _____

A

heel warmer or warmer block

32
Q
  • These analytes once expose sa light mag break down he result would be erroneous
A

Bilirubin
Vitamin C, E, and K

33
Q

Tube used to prevent exposure to light

A

Amber Tube

34
Q

Most efficient method to protect the sample from light

A

Wrap in aluminum foil or carbon paper

35
Q

Labels must have the patient’s

A

complete name and
hospital number or unique identifier

36
Q

Urine samples must have the label on the ______ and NOT on the ____.

A

container / lid

37
Q

Anticoagulated blood collection tubes must be at least ____ percent full.

38
Q

All coagulation tubes must be at least ___ percent full.

39
Q

Delays in centrifuging or processing a sample must be

A

free of clots

40
Q

Blood samples drawn above an _______________ are unacceptable.

A

intravenous (IV) injection site

41
Q

The sample must be _________ if the results are not consistent with previous results on the patient.

A

re-collected

42
Q

IATA

A

International Air Transport Association

43
Q

DGR

A

Dangerous Goods Regulations

44
Q

Infectious substance which, when exposure to it occurs, is capable of causing permanent disability, lifethreatening or fatal disease in otherwise healthy humans or animals.

A

BIOLOGIC SUBSTANCE, Category A.

45
Q

An infectious substance that does not meet the criteria for inclusion in Category A.

A

BIOLOGIC SUBSTANCE, Category B.

46
Q

_______ of the sample must be maintained during shipment

47
Q

Extreme variation in _________ must be avoided

A

temperature

48
Q

All _____ and _____ must be separated from the cells before transporting

A

serum and plasma

49
Q

WHOLE BLOOD

Maintain the specimen at _____

A

room temperature.

50
Q

Do not place whole blood specimens in direct contact with

51
Q

Do not centrifuge if the sample requirement is

A

whole blood.

52
Q

WHOLE BLOOD: STORAGE

A

Ref temp - 48 hrs

53
Q

WHOLE BLOOD TESTS

A

CBC
Reticulocyte Count
ESR

54
Q

PLASMA/SERUM

Allow the sample to clot in an upright position within ________.

A

15-30 mins

55
Q

What must be done before centrifuging for plasma/ serum

A

Let it clot in an upright position for 15-30mins

56
Q

Why must sample for plasma/ serum be allowed to clot first before centrifuging?

A

It would be prone to hemolysis if it hasn’t clotted

57
Q

Samples for plasma/ serum must be centrifuged for about _____ at _____ RPM

A

15 mins at 2200-2500 RPM

58
Q

Plasma/ serum is separated using a

59
Q

PLASMA/ SERUM SOTRAGE

A

Ref temp - 48hrs
Frozen temp - 1yr

60
Q

PLASMA/ SERUM
TESTS

A

Crosshatching
Coagulation Test
Chemistry Test
Serology Test

61
Q

Ref temp

A

2-6 degree celcius

62
Q

Freezing temp

A

Below -20 degree celsius

63
Q

Room temp

A

20-25 degree celsius

PMLS 2 LAB (16 decks)

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