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A&P II > Blood Pressure Ch 21 > Flashcards

Blood Pressure Ch 21 Flashcards

1
Q

BP

A

Force exerted on the internal wall of a vessel by blood flowing in the vessel

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2
Q

Blood pressure in the body is usually measured within

A

Arterial system, not venous

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3
Q

BP

A

What creates initial force? The heart- through cardiac output

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4
Q

Cardiac output is chief generator of BP

A

The pump creates the pressure in the tubes attached to it

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5
Q

BP is determined by cardiac output , blood volume and

A

Peripheral resistance

Resistance hinges on blood viscosity, vessel length and vessel radius

All must be controlled

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6
Q

Blood pressure

A

BP= COxPR

PR= peripheral resistance

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7
Q

2 variables effect BP

A

CO- HRxSV
And

Flow of blood thru vessels

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8
Q

Modified

A

BP= (HRxSV)xPR

HR increase, BP increase vice versa- proportional relationship

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9
Q

Peripheral resistance

A

Friction that is created by the moving blood against the wall of the vessel

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10
Q

Friction

A

Always tried to stop the flow of blood-to prevent this, pressure must always be stronger than the friction to push blood forward

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11
Q

Shock

A

Pathological Drop in BP

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12
Q

Peripheral vascular resistance- afterload

A

Total resistance against which blood must be pumped

Measure of friction between vessel walls and fluid and between molecules within fluid itself ( viscosity)

Both oppose flow

When resistance to flow increase, blood pressure must increase for flow to remain constant

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13
Q

Resistance hinges on 4 variables- 4 v of vascular resistance

A

Blood volume- blood contribution

Blood viscosity - thickness- blood contribute

Vessel length- vessel contribute

Vessel radius- vessel contribute

Create friction

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14
Q

Blood volume

A

Amount of blood that is circulating inside the curcukstory system and stored in certain organs (spleen)

Represents total blood in the body

80ml
5-6L/ 70 kg body weight

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15
Q

Increase volume

A

Increase mass /pressure you’re moving

High BP can be treated with a water pill. Remove water, remove weight

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16
Q

Viscosity- thickness

A

Measure of resistance of blood to flow

Viscosity of blood is 3-5 times that of water, which is 1

(Viscosity)Depends on red blood cell and plasma protein

17
Q

Hematocrit

A

Increase in RBC, increases viscosity, increases volume too

Increase viscosity, increase BP

18
Q

Disorders- increasing viscosity

A

Increase immunoglobulins

Increased blood cells

Reduced deform ability of rbc

19
Q

Vessel length

A

Increase length will increase the resistance to flow so, you increase the pressure to re establish flow

20
Q

Longer vessel, more contact

A

Creates more friction

21
Q

It’s harder to push blood through a

A

Long vessel

22
Q

Capillaries can be

A

Made as we need them, we can make micro circulation

23
Q

To feed added tissue

A

Extra capillaries are needed

Extra lbs= extra circulatory routes- diet to reduce adipose tissue- reduce capillaries-,decreasing vessel length, decreasing BP

24
Q

Increase blood vessel length

A

Resistance to flow increase, BP increase

25
Q

Vessel diameter

A

Greatest impact on resistance/friction

Primary way we control friction in vessels

26
Q

Vasomotion

A

Change in vessel radius

27
Q

Vasoconstriction/ dilation- adjust radius, resistance and flow

A

Muscular effort to contract/dilate smooth muscle

28
Q

Poiseuille law

Vascular resistance

A

Narrow vessel (constricted) more friction

Wide vessel same as low friction

29
Q

Smooth muscle in wall of vessel

A

Gives nervous and endocrine system ability to regulate blood flow and pressure thru vessel to organs

30
Q

Peripheral dilators

A

Decrease BP

31
Q

4 vs volume, viscosity, vessel length vessel diameter

A

Control friction and adjust BP as we need to

32
Q

BP regulatory mechanism

A

Neural- cardiovascular reflexes- short term- rapid

Hormonal- endocrine- short term immediate (longer)

Renal body fluid- long term

33
Q

Control blood fluid

A

BP will be kept normal

A&P II (11 decks)

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