Blood Pressure

Question 1

Define blood pressure.

Answer 1

The pressure exerted on the blood vessels by the blood

Question 2

List some factors that can affect blood pressure.

2

Answer 2

Cardiac output

Peripheral Vascular Resistance

Question 3

What is the equation for blood pressure?

Answer 3

Cardiac output x total peripheral resistance

Question 4

What is the equation for cardiac output?

Answer 4

Heart rate by stroke volume

Question 5

What is peripheral vascular resistance?

Answer 5

Resistance to blood flow

Question 6

What two things are measured when taking a blood pressure reading?

Answer 6

Systolic blood pressure

Diastolic blood pressure

Question 7

What is arterial blood pressure?

Answer 7

This is the pressure in the arteries, it varies with the cardiac cycle

Question 8

Explain the variation in arterial blood pressure.

Answer 8

It rises in ventricular systole

It falls in ventricular diastole

Question 9

How is arterial blood pressure recorded?

Answer 9

Systolic pressure/diastolic pressure

Question 10

Give average values for arterial blood pressure.

Answer 10

120/80

Question 11

What is happening to the heart when measuring systole blood pressure?

Answer 11

Ventricular ejection

Question 12

What is happening to the heart when measuring the diastole blood pressure?

Answer 12

Ventricular filling

Question 13

What are the names of the sounds you can hear when measuring blood pressure with the listening method?

Answer 13

Karotkoff sounds

Question 14

What instrument is used to measure blood pressure?

Answer 14

Sphygmomanometer

Question 15

How do you measure blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer?

4

Answer 15

Inflate the cuff around the patients arm, making sure the rubber tubes are placed inferiorly

Slowly deflate the cuff

Note when you hear the first Karotkoff sound (systolic pressure)

Note when you hear the last Karotkoff sound (this is the diastolic pressure)

Question 16

What blood pressure values are considered hypotensive?

Answer 16

90/60 or less

Question 17

What blood pressure values are considered normotensive?

Answer 17

90-119/60-79

Question 18

What blood pressure values are considered pre-hypertensive?

Answer 18

120-139/80-89

Question 19

What blood pressure values are considered hypertensive?

Answer 19

140/90 or higher

Question 20

Someone has a blood pressure reading of 85/55, comment on this.

Answer 20

They are hypotensive

Question 21

Someone has a blood pressure reading of 100/65, comment on this.

Answer 21

They are normotensive

Question 22

Someone has a blood pressure reading of 135/85, comment on this.

Answer 22

They are pre-hypertensive

Question 23

Someone has a blood pressure reading of 150/95, comment on this.

Answer 23

They are hypertensive

Question 24

Define systolic blood pressure.

Answer 24

Pressure in artery following ventricular systole

Question 25

Define diastolic blood pressure.

Answer 25

Pressure in artery during ventricular diastole (pressure in aorta has dropped)

Question 26

Define pulse pressure.

Answer 26

Systolic-diastolic

Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure during the cardiac cycle

Question 27

Define mean arterial blood pressure

Answer 27

Mean blood pressure throughout the cardiac cycle

Diastolic + 1/3 systolic - diastolic

Question 28

What are the two equations used for mean arterial blood pressure?

Answer 28

Diastolic + 1/3 (systolic - diastolic)

MSAP = diastolic + 1/3 (pulse pressure)

Question 29

What does pulse pressure indicate?

Answer 29

Gives an indication of the strength of the heart pumping