Blood Component Therapy Part 2 Flashcards
For the average 70 kg patient who has lost approximately ____ - ____ L of blood, send off coagulation studies and start documenting lab values and coagulation status.
1L – 1.5L
Specific types of blood component therapies: (5)
PRBCs
cell saver
platelets
FFP
cryoprecipitate
Indicated for treatment of anemia (often associated with blood loss)
1 unit contains 250-300 mL volume with a hematocrit of -____-____%
PRBCs
70-80
1 unit of PRBCs will increase
Hemoglobin: ___g / dL
Hematocrit: ____%
1
3
How do you administer PRBCs? (3)
- WARM
- NS
- 150 micron filter
Types of PRBCs: (3)
- washed
- leukocyte- reduced
- irradiated
What type of RBCs are centrifuged in saline to remove plasma and cytokines?
Why use this type? (2)
PRBCs can be stored for no longer than ___ hrs after this is done!
washed
older units of blood to remove excess POTASSIUM
patients with a history of transfusion reaction
24
____ days is the most number of days common RBCs are good.
35
Leukocyte-reduced PRBCs can be: (3)
What is the most effective method?
- centrifuged
- washed
- filtered (most effective)
If we want to avoid, use this type of PRBC:
- To avoid nonhemolytic febrile reactions
- To prevent sensitization of patients with aplastic anemia
- To minimize transmission of HIV or CMV
Leukocyte-reduced PRBCs
Cells are exposed to a standard dose of ionizing radiation
In general, it is for people who are not capable of mounting a counterattack and neutralizing transfused lymphocytes
Irradiated PRBCs
Use this type of PRBC for the following patients:
- Stem cell transplant patients (and candidates)
- Chemotherapy patients
- Patients with hematologic malignancies (especially Hodgkin’s Disease)
- Patients with congenital cellular immunity deficits
- ALL premature neonates
irradiated PRBCs
Blood salvaged from the surgical field with ___ ____.
Hematocrit ~___-___%
cell saver
65 - 70
Things to know when administering cell-saver: (4)
- Do not warm
- Use a 40 micron filter
- Do not pressurize a cell saver bag
- Never clamp the delivery line
Note: Do not even decrease the flow by rolling clamp.
Platelet transfusion is indicated when:
platelet count is < ____ cells/mm3
However, there is an exception during _____ ____ surgery!
50k
cardiopulmonary bypbass to restore normal coagulation, platelets are routinely given
How are platelets prepared? (2)
- Centrifuging individual units from multiple whole blood donors (5 x 1010 platelets in 50-70cc of plasma per unit)
- Single donor apheresis (3-5 x 1011 platelets in 200-400cc plasma)
Note: 5 to 10 units of platelets may be pooled together in a single bag
Rough rule of thumb is that a pool of 6-8 units of whole-blood platelets (a “six pack”) or 1 unit of apheresis will raise the patients platelet count by ___-___ x 109 /L
What is the initial dose? ____ cc/kg
30-50
10