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House Hemat > Blood Component Therapy > Flashcards

Blood Component Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

BLOOD COMPONENT THERAPY is a term used when ________ is ______ into different _______ or _________ for the purpose of ________

A

whole blood

separated

cellular or plasma component

transfusion

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2
Q

Blood Component Therapy

Up to _____ components can be derived from donated blood.

A

four

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3
Q

Blood Component Therapy

The main transfusable blood components include:
________,_______,______,_______

A

Red cells Plasma Platelets cryoprecipitates

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4
Q

Centrifuged blood

________ is up

________ is in the middle

_______ is at the bottom

A

Plasma

White blood cell and platelets

Red blood cell

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5
Q

WHOLE BLOOD =________ blood collected into an approved container containing an anticoagulant preservative solution

A

Unseparated

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6
Q

BLOOD PRODUCT = _____________ prepared from human blood

A

Any therapeutic substance

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7
Q

BLOOD COMPONENT = A _____________, separated from _________ based on _______

A

constituent of blood

whole blood

differential centrifugation.

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8
Q

BLOOD COMPONENT

E.g.
_________ concentrate
_________
________ concentrates
________ prepared from_________

A

Red cell

Plasma

Platelets

Cryoprecipitate

fresh frozen plasma

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9
Q

BLOOD PRODUCT consists of both _________ and _________

A

Blood component and Plasma Derivatives

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10
Q

Bloodcomponents
– Prepared in _________________

Plasma derivatives
-prepared in ____________

A

blood transfusion center

plasma fractionation centers

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11
Q

•Bloodcomponents
-prepared by ________________

• Plasmaderivatives
-Pharmaceutically manufactured from ____________

A

centrifugal separation of blood

pooled plasma donations

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12
Q

•Bloodcomponents

Include:
• ______ concentrates
• _________ concentrates
•_______________
•___________
•___________ concentrates

• Plasmaderivatives

•__________
•______________
•______________

A

Red cell
Platelets
Fresh frozen plasma
Cryoprecipitate
Granulocyte

Albumin
Coagulation factors
immunoglobulins

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13
Q

plasma fractionation centers are not licensed.

T/F

A

F

They are licensed.

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14
Q

Blood component

Effective blood transfusion therapy depends on _________________________

A

availability of different blood components

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15
Q

Components used separately or in combination can meet most patients’ transfusion needs and keep the risk of transfusion to minimum

T/F

A

T

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16
Q

WHY IS BLOOD COMPONENT DESIRABLE??

A

The 5 S!

Survival
Safety
Supplement
Specific
Several

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17
Q

WHY IS BLOOD COMPONENT DESIRABLE

SURVIVAL

Separation of blood components allows _______________________

A

optimal survival for each component

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18
Q

WHY IS BLOOD COMPONENT DESIRABLE

SPECIFIC

Allows __________ according to ___________

A

transfusing specific blood components

the need of the patient

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19
Q

WHY IS BLOOD COMPONENT DESIRABLE

SAFETY

Prevents use of __________ which may be _____________

A

unnecessary component

contraindicated in a patient

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20
Q

WHY IS BLOOD COMPONENT DESIRABLE

SEVERAL

Several ____________________________

A

patients can be treated from one unit of donated blood

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21
Q

WHY IS BLOOD COMPONENT DESIRABLE

SUPPLEMENTS

Use of blood components __________ and ________________

A

supplements blood supply

adds to the blood inventory

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22
Q

Blood component:
A constituent of blood , separated from whole blood based on differential centrifugation

T/F

A

T

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23
Q

Blood component:

Made up of ———- component and _______ component

A

Cellular

Plasma

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24
Q

Blood component: Cellular components

• ________ concentrates

•Platelets
-_______________
-_________________

A

Red cell

Platelet rich concentrate

Platelet rich plasma

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25
Q

Blood component: plasma components

_____________
___________
_____________

A

Bank plasma
Fresh frozen plasma
Cryo precipitate

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26
Q

COMPONENT PREPARATION

Principle - Differential centrifugation

•Red cells

__________
_________________

A

Packed cells

Red cells + additive

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27
Q

COMPONENT PREPARATION
•
Principle - Differential centrifugation
Plasma + Platelets
Red cells
•
Packed cells
– –
Red cells + additive
Plasma
•
Bank plasma
– – –
Fresh frozen Cryo supernate
Platelets
•
Platelet rich concentrate
•
–
– Platelet rich plasma
Cryoprecipitate

A
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28
Q

COMPONENT PREPARATION
•
Principle - Differential centrifugation
Plasma + Platelets
Red cells
•
Packed cells
– –
Red cells + additive
Plasma
•
Bank plasma
– – –
Fresh frozen Cryo supernate
Platelets
•
Platelet rich concentrate
•
–
– Platelet rich plasma
Cryoprecipitate

A
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29
Q

Whole blood undergoes _____ spin to give A and B

B undergoes _____ spin to give C and D

D can be split in to E and F

A

Soft

A= Packed rbc

B= Platelet rich plasma

C= platelet concentrate

D=Fresh frozen plasma

E= cryoprecipitates

F=plasma derivatives

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30
Q

Packed red blood cells can be manipulated to give :

______
_________
_________
_______

A

Washed

Leukocytes depleted

Irradiated

Frozen

31
Q

COLORS!!!!!

Whole blood
Red blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
Cryoprecipitate

A

Red

Red

Colorless

Yellowish

White

32
Q

Shelf life !!!!!

Whole blood
Red blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
Cryoprecipitate

A

21/35 days

Up to 42 days

5 days

1 year

1 year

33
Q

Storage conditions!!!!!

Whole blood
Red blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
Cryoprecipitate

A

Refrigerated

Refrigerated

Room temperature with constant agitation to prevent clumping

Frozen

Frozen

34
Q

RED CELLS

WHOLE BLOOD:- not a component
– Used now only in ________>_____% of TBV

A

acute blood loss

35
Q

RED CELLS

________
_______ red cell
________red cells
__________ red cell
____________________red cells

A

Whole blood

Packed

Irradiated

Leukocyte depleted

Frozen deglycerolised

36
Q

Indications for whole blood?

A

Acute blood loss >25% of TBV

37
Q

Indications for packed red blood cell?

A

Chronic Anaemia

38
Q

Indications for Irradiated red cells?

Prevent ______ for severely ___________

__________

_________,_________ transfusion

A

GVHD; immunosuppred

transplant

neonate, intrauterine

39
Q

Indications for Leucocyte depleted red cells

To Reduce ______________

_______ reaction

Does not _________

A

alloimmunisati on.

Febrile

prevent GVHD

40
Q

Leukocyte depleted rbc can prevent GVHD

T/F

A

F

Can not prevent GVHD

41
Q

Indications for Washed red cell

_____ deficiency

Severe reaction to _________________

A

IgA

plasma protein unresponsive to medication

42
Q

Indications for frozen red cell

A

For rare blood groups

43
Q

Preparation for whole blood

450mls of ____ in 63ml of __________

A

Blood

anticoagulant

44
Q

Preparation for packed red cell

_________, express _________\2 00ml of RBC

A

Spin whole blood

supernatant

45
Q

Preparation for irradiated red cell

________ radiated to kill ________

A

Gamma

lymphocytes

46
Q

Preparation for leukocyte depleted red cell

______% of WBC is _________

A

99.9

filtered

47
Q

Preparation for frozen red cell

___________ and frozen at -65 0

A

Glycerolized

48
Q

Packed Red Blood Cell (PRBC)
Administration:

Transfuse within ______ of removal from fridge

Must be ______ and _____ compatible

Complete within ________. Max ______

Monitor vital signs at _______, then every ________, then _______

A

30 mins

ABO and RH

2hours; 4hours

Initiation ; 15mins, 30mins

49
Q

NEVER ADD MEDICATION TO BLOOD TRANSFUSION

T/F

A

T

50
Q

PLATELETS CONCENTRATES

Platelet units can be either

•_________ units
•________ units

A

Random donor

Apheresis

51
Q

PLATELETS CONCENTRATES

1 random donor unit contains ____ x109 platelet in 50-60mls of plasma

1 apheresis unit contains >_____ x109 in 250mls of plasma

A

55

300

52
Q

PLATELETS CONCENTRATES

Stored at 20-240C.
Constantly _____
Only last for _____
Infused in ______

A

agitated

5 days

30 mins

53
Q

PLATELET CONCENTRATES

Dose:____ unit of platelet concentrate/____kg body weight

A

1; 10

54
Q

Platelet concentrates

Administration:

Platelets should be transfused at a rate of _______ per minute for approximately ________

______ and _____ compatible

A

10 milliliters

30 minutes

ABO & Rh

55
Q

PLATELET CONCENTRATES

increment/unit-inabsenceof consumption:
– For single unit should ↑ platelet count by _____ x 109/L.

For pooled units or apheresis unit should ↑ platelet count by ______ x109/L.

In neonates , 5-10ml/Kg of platelet unit should ↑ platelet count by ______ x109/L.

A

5-10

25-50

50- 100

56
Q

FRESH FROZEN PLASMA

Contains:
–____________________ factors

-_______ and ________.

-Factor _____ level at least ____ % of normal fresh plasma level

A

labile & nonlabile clotting

albumin and immunoglobulin

VIII ( 8 ); 70

57
Q

FRESH FROZEN PLASMA

Indications

Replacement of multiple coagulation factor deficiencies eg

–_______ disease
–_________ overdose

A

Liver

Anticoagulant

58
Q

FRESH FROZEN PLASMA

Indications

__________ of ___________ deficiencies

_________ of _______in pts

A

Replacement of multiple coagulation factor

Depletion of coagulation factors

59
Q

FRESH FROZEN PLASMA

Indications

Depletion of coagulation factors in pts

–receiving _______________

-_______________

A

large volume transfusions

DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation)

60
Q

FRESH FROZEN PLASMA: Production

Plasma collected from

__________ or ________

Frozen within ______ of collection

A

single donor units or by apheresis

8 hours

61
Q

FRESH FROZEN PLASMA

Administration

Must be _____ compatible

Infuse as soon as possible after thawing
( within ______ ) -thaw at _____0 C

  • using standard blood administration set
A

ABO

6 hrs; 37

62
Q

FRESH FROZEN PLASMA

Precaution:

•_________ reaction are common
•_________ reaction may occur
•_________ is alone not an indication for use

A

Acute allergic

anaphylactic

hypovolaemia

63
Q

CRYOPRECIPITATE

From _______________ (up to _____)

Thaw FFP at ____c that was frozen at ____c or lower

A

fresh frozen plasma

one year

1-6

-18

64
Q

CRYOPRECIPITATE

Indication

_________ deficiency
____________ disease
__________emia
__________ deficiency
_________ bleeding

A

Factor VIII

von Willebrand’s

Hypofibrinogen

Factor XIII

Uremic

65
Q

CRYOPRECIPITATE: characteristics

(Cold or warm?) -(soluble or insoluble?) precipitate

Contains : ______,_____,_____,_______,______

80 u of factor viii/unit and >150 mg/dl fibrinogen

A

Cold ; insoluble

Factor VIII, XIII, Fibrinogen, Fibronectin, VWF

66
Q

Time Limits for Infusion

Blood/blood product : start infusion; complete infusion

Whole blood/red cells
Platelet concentrates
FFP

A

within 30 min. of removing pack from refrigerator; within 4 hour (less in high
ambient temperature)

immediately; within 20minutes

within 30 min; within 20 min

67
Q

A 10 year old boy with severe type 3 von Willebrand disease presents to the A& E with severe haemathrosis, which blood component may be useful for him?

A

Cryoprecipitate

68
Q

The appropriate product for a patient with aplastic anemia with Hb of 5.5gm/dl who has just received a bone marrow transplant is _______?

A

Irradiated rbc

69
Q

A 35yr old sickle cell patient presents with Hb of 5gm, presents in cardiac failure. He also has a hx of febrile reactions which blood component is best for this patient.

A

Leukocyte depleted rbc

70
Q

A 22yr old with acute leukaemia, has a platelet count of 8 x 109/L and Hb of 11g/dl . Does he need any blood component? If yes, which ones.

A

Only platelet concentrate

71
Q

A 20 year old with septic abortion presented in the gynae emergency, she is bleeding through all orifices.
Hb is 5.5g/dl
Platelet count is 20 X 109/L
PT, PTTK and TT is prolonged

What is the diagnosis?
Will she benefit from blood component therapy?
Which ones and why?

A

DIC

Yes

Packed rbc; platelet concentrates ; FFP; cryoprecipitate

72
Q

Advantages of blood donation to the donor

A

Challenges the bone marrow

Could Help in early detection of hematological abnormalities in the donor

Sense of fulfillment

Helps to reduce the iron levels of the donor

73
Q

Measures you would would take to ensure that blood donation is safe for the donor

A

Proper identification and screening of the donor’s blood

Use sterile equipments

Use disposable equipment

Check vitals before and throughout the procedure

Education and informed consent of the donor

House Hemat (29 decks)

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