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IMHM > blood component > Flashcards

blood component Flashcards

1
Q

How often can you donate whole blood?

A

Every 8 weeks / 2 months

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2
Q

particular blood component which an individual donate

A

Pheresis / apheresis

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3
Q

the patient is taking aspirin they should be.

A

temporarily deferred until they are cleared for 3 consecutive days

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4
Q

What is the mechanism the aspirin
acetylation

A

it permanently inactivates
the cyclooxygenase

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5
Q

Other factors to consider in blood donation include

A
  • Phospholipid (Phospholipase A2)
  • Arachidonic acid (cyclooxygenase)
  • Prostaglandin
  • Endoperoxide (Thromboxane synthase)
  • Thromboxane A2``
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6
Q

If greater than or equal 15 minutes, the blood component is not applicable for

A

preparation of cryoprecipitate

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7
Q

The blood component preparation is done _____after the collection

A

6-8 hours

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8
Q

anticoagulant in the blood bag

A

citrate

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9
Q

ATP Source

A

Dextrose/Glucose

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10
Q

Prevents caramelization

A

Citric acid

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11
Q

provides survival

A

Adenine

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12
Q

additional source of ATP

A

Phosphate buffer ; Adenine

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13
Q

Adenine approved preservative solution for
storage of RBCs at 1-6°C

A

ACD, CPD, CP2D

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14
Q

ADDITIVE SOLUTIONS components

A

SAGM - Saline, Adenine, Glucose, Mannitol

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15
Q

ADDITIVE SOLUTIONS IN USE IN NORTH AMERICA

A

Adsol
Nutricel
Optisol

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16
Q

company associared with Adssol, Nutricel, Optisol

A

Adsol - Baxter Healthcare
Nutricel - Pall Corporation
Optisol - Terumo Corporation

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17
Q

can possibly revive those outdated packed
red blood cells`

A

Rejuvenation

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18
Q

rejuvenating solutions

A

PIPA – phosphate, Inosine, Pyruvate and Adenine

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19
Q

Rejuvenation is accomplished by

A

incubating an RBC unit
at 37°C for 1 hour with 50mL of the
rejuvenating solution.

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20
Q

If the packed RBC is rejuvenated it should be consumed

A

within 24 hours

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21
Q

the only FDA Approved rejuvenation
solution used in some blood centers to regenerate again
the ATP, 2,3 DPG levels before RBC freezing

A

Rejuvesol

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22
Q

BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES DURING WHOLE BLOOD STORAGE

  • pH:
  • ATP:
  • 2,3 DPG:
  • Plasma Hemoglobin:
  • Plasma potassium:
  • Plasma Sodium:
A
  • pH: Increase
  • ATP: Decrease
  • 2,3 DPG: Decrease
  • Plasma Hemoglobin: Increase
  • Plasma potassium: Increase
  • Plasma Sodium: Decrease
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23
Q

loss or RBC viability

A

lesion of storage

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24
Q

expressed as either shift to the left of
the hemoglobin dissociation curve or increase in hemoglobin
oxygen affinity

A

loss of function

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25
Q

Shift to the Right: increase

A

▪ 2,3 DPG
▪ Body temperature
▪ Partial Carbon Dioxide
▪ Partial Oxygen

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26
Q

Shift to the Right: decrease

A

▪ pH
▪ Hemoglobin oxygen affinity

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27
Q

Shift to the Left: Decrease

A

▪ 2,3 DPG
▪ Body temperature
▪ Partial Carbon Dioxide
▪ Partial Oxygen

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28
Q

Shift to the Right: increase

A

▪ pH
▪ Hemoglobin oxygen affinity

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29
Q

It is the
relationship
between the
partial pressure
of oxygen (pO2)
in the blood and
the oxygen
saturation of the
hemoglobin.

A

OXYHEMOGLOBIN DISSOCIATION CURVE

30
Q

Normal shape of oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve

A

sigmoid shape

31
Q

Three important
factors that
affects the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve

A

o pH
o Temperature
o Concentration of the 2,3 DPG

32
Q

partial pressure of oxygen needed for 50%
oxygen saturation of the hemoglobin

A

p50

33
Q

Light spin

A

Light spin the whole blood for 3200 rpm for 2-3 minute to produce platelet-rich plasma at 2000 g

34
Q

Heavy spin

A

Heavy spin the PRP for 3600 rpm for 3-5 minutes to produce different blood components at 5000g

35
Q

Heavy spin for 5 minutes to produce

A

PRBC, Platelet concentrate

36
Q

heavy spin for 7 minutes for

A

cryoprecipitate

37
Q

PRBC volume

A

200mL, stored at 1-6°C

38
Q

PRP volume

A

250mL

39
Q

PPP (Platelet poor plasma) volume

A

200mL

40
Q

FFP volume

A

stored at -18°C, 180-190mL
volume

41
Q

If the FFP is stored at -18°C it has a shelf life for

A

1 year

42
Q

If the FFP is stored at -65°C it has a shelf life for

A

7 years

43
Q

Cryoprecipitate volume

A

10-15mL, stored at -18°C for 1 year

44
Q

how to produce cryoprecipitate

A

thaw the FFP at 4°C then hard spin
it, there should be white precipitate appears

45
Q

Storage Temperature

o pRBC:
o FFP:
o Cryoprecipitate:
o Platelet concentrate:

A

o pRBC: 1 – 6°C
o FFP: -18°C / -65°C
o Cryoprecipitate: -18°C
o Platelet concentrate: 20-24°C with continuous agitation

46
Q

should be used to replace
the loss of both RBC mass and plasma
volume

A

whole blood

47
Q

Storage of whole blood

A

1-6C

48
Q

storage for Transport of whole blood

A

1-10C

49
Q

shelf life of whole blood

A

Shelf Life Depends on the blood bag

50
Q

Transfused to patient who are having acute blood loss

A

whole blood

51
Q

used for the rare
patient who has anti-IgA antibodies
because of IgA deficiency

A

washed rbc

52
Q

will benefit the most if they are
transfused with washed RBC

A

type I hypersensitive

53
Q

Intended for urticarial, hives and itching

A

washed rbc

54
Q

The washing process removes

A

The washing process removes plasma
proteins, the cause of most allergic
reactions (

55
Q

After using the automated system the shelf life would be

A

14 days from washing

56
Q

indicated for increasing the RBC
mass in patient who require increased
oxygen-carrying capacity

A

packed rbc

57
Q

responsible for
alloimmunization

A

HLA - human leukocyte antigen

58
Q

Preparation of LEUKOCYTE-REDUCED RBCs

A

Filtration, centrifugation and saline washing

59
Q

allows the long-term storage
of rare blood donor units, autologous units,
and units for special purposes, such as
intrauterine transfusion. Depends on the
concentration of cryoprotective agent

A

FROZEN RBCs

60
Q

shelf life of frozen rbc

A

10 years (before thawing and transfusion)

61
Q

used most commonly and is added to the RBCs
slowly with vigorous shaking, thereby enabling the glycerol to
permeate the RBCs

A

glycerol

62
Q

adding a glycerol which is the cryoprotective
agent in a unit of red blood cell for the purpose of freezing

A

Glycerolization

63
Q

storage for 40% glycerol

A

the storage temperature is -65°C

64
Q

Frozen RBC is done for the RBC

A

less than 6 days old.

65
Q

indicated for
patients who are bleeding because of
thrombocytopenia or, in a few cases,
owing to abnormally functioning
platelets

A

platelet concentrate

66
Q

shelf life of platelet concentrate

A

5 days

67
Q

bacteria that causes contamination in platelet concentrate

A
  • staphylococcus epidermydis
  • bacillus cereus
68
Q

n Can be used to treat multiple coagulation
deficiencies occurring in patients with liver
failure, DIC, vitamin K deficiency,
warfarin overdose, or massive
transfusion

A

fresh frozen plasma

69
Q

Used primarily for fibrinogen
replacement

A

CRYOPRECIPITATE

70
Q

Also, given to patient with vWDs
(von Willebrand Disease),
Hemophilia A, and factor XIII
deficiency

A

CRYOPRECIPITATE

71
Q

storage for cryoprecipitate

A

-18°C

72
Q

Do not undergo crossmatching

A

o Cryoprecipitate
o Platelet concentrate
o Fresh Frozen Plasma

IMHM (10 decks)

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