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Anatomy Unit 4 > Blood and Respiratory System > Flashcards

Blood and Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the majority of blood?

A

Plasma

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2
Q

What are the 3 primary components of a blood sample?

A

Erythrocytes, Buffy Coat, and Plasma

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3
Q

Which part of a blood sample is the most dense?

A

Erythrocytes

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4
Q

Albumins and globulins are found in which part of a blood sample?

A

Plasma

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5
Q

Which protein found in blood plasma would be needed if you were bleeding?

A

Fibrinogen

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6
Q

Which leukocyte is the most abundant?

A

Neutrophils (Never Let Monkey’s Eat Bananas)

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7
Q

Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Leukocytes are collectively referred to as what?

A

Formed Elements

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8
Q

Plasma without fibrinogen would be called what?

A

Serum

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9
Q

Thrombocytes have the same effect as which protein found in blood plasma?

A

Fibrinogen (blood clotting), Thrombocytes are also known as Platelets.

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10
Q

Blood smears are used to view what?

A

Formed elements

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11
Q

What is a rouleau?

A

A single file line of RBCs passing through a small blood vessel.

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12
Q

How many oxygen molecules can one molecule of hemoglobin bind?

A

Four

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13
Q

After four months red blood cells are converted into what first?

A

biliverdin, followed by bilirubin.

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14
Q

Old erythrocytes are phagocytized in which two organs?

A

Liver & Spleen

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15
Q

How do erythrocytes eventually aid in digestion?

A

By being converted to bile from bilirubin after they become too old.

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16
Q

Transferrin and ferritin aid in transfer and storage of which component of erythrocytes?

A

Iron

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17
Q

During the breakdown of aged erythrocytes, iron gets removed and stored where?

A

Liver

18
Q

After erythrocytes have been in circulation for 120 days they are broken down into 3 components, which are?

A

1) Heme Group
2) Iron
3) Free Amino Acids

19
Q

Rhesus blood type is determined by presence of which surface antigen?

A

Surface Antigen D

20
Q

Which blood type has both anti-A and anti-B
antibodies in its plasma?

A

Type O

21
Q

Leukopenia is a pathological condition where what happens?

A

There’s an reduced number of cells.

22
Q

Leukocytosis is a pathological condition where what happens?

A

There’s an elevated number of cells.

23
Q

Granulocytes and Agranulocytes are two types of which cell?

A

White Blood Cell

24
Q

Which of the two main groups of leukocytes contains include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils?

A

Granulocytes

25
Q

The process of leukocytes squeezing through vessel wall to exit bloodstream and get to tissue in known as?

A

Diapedisis

26
Q

Which type of the many leukocytes contains cells with a C-shaped or Kidney Shaped?

A

Monocytes

27
Q

Which type of the many leukocytes contains multi-lobed nuclei?

A

Neutrophils

28
Q

Thrombopoietin stimulates production of what?

A

Megakaryocytes

29
Q

Megakaryocytes produce what type of non-nucleated cell?

A

Platelets/Thrombocytes

30
Q

What condition is Thrombocytopenia?

A

An abnormally small number of platelets involved in blood clotting.

31
Q

What is the process of producing Platelets/Thrombocytes?

A

Thrombopoietin -> Megakaryocytes -> Platelets

32
Q

What 3 elements of blood are included in Formed Elements?

A

Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.

33
Q

Which element of blood plasma includes sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, and iron?

A

Electrolytes

34
Q

Which element of blood plasma includes, amino acids, glucose, cholesterol, vitamins, and fatty acids?

A

Nutrients

35
Q

Which element of blood plasma includes oxygen, carbon dioxide, and bicarbonate?

A

Respiratory Gases

36
Q

Which element of blood plasma includes insulin, thyroid hormone, testosterone, and estrogen?

A

Hormones

37
Q

Which element of blood plasma includes lactic acid, creatinine, urea, bilirubin, and ammonia?

A

Wastes

38
Q

Which two organs are responsible for removing waste from blood plasma?

A

Liver & Kidneys

39
Q

What two components makeup 99% of plasma?

A

Water 92%, proteins 7%

40
Q

Alpha and beta-globulins are used for transport or immune defense?

A

Transport

41
Q

Which type of globulins are antibodies for immune defense?

A

Gamma-globulins

42
Q

Which type of protein found in blood plasma is the smallest and most abundant, and help to regulate water movement?

A

Albumins

Anatomy Unit 4 (10 decks)

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